Population genetics for 18 short tandem repeat loci (Canine GenotypesTM Panel 2.1 Kit) of 150 unrelated dogs from three pure-bred groups in Japan

Abstract

Similar to that in Europe and the United States, the need for forensic DNA identification in dogs is increasing in Japan. As few studies have used commercial genotyping kits, the effectiveness of the Canine Genotypes^TM Panel 2.1 Kit for individual DNA identification in dogs bred in Japan was examined. We genotyped 150 unrelated dogs (50 Golden Retrievers, 50 Miniature Dachshunds, and 50 Shiba Inu) at 18 canine short tandem repeat loci by the Kit. The allele frequency, expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, p-value, power of the discriminant, and of exclusion, polymorphic information content, and random matching probability were calculated for each marker. The random matching probability was subsequently estimated to be 4.394×10^-22 in the 150 dogs of the three pure-bred groups based on 18 STR loci; 3.257 × 10⁻¹⁶ in the Golden Retriever, 3.933 × 10⁻¹⁸ in the Miniature Dachshund, and 2.107 × 10⁻¹⁸ in the Shiba Inu breeds. In addition, principal component analysis based on genotype data revealed the Golden Retrievers, Miniature Dachshunds, and Shiba Inus separated into three clusters. The results of the genotype analysis showed that the Canine Genotypes^TM Panel 2.1 Kit could be useful for identity testing and tool of population study of canines in Japan.