Evaluation of the influence of Mihrab shape on sound quality in Mosques

Abstract

A mihrab, a niche in the mosque wall indicating the qibla or the direction of Mecca, plays a crucial role in determining the acoustics within the mosque space. This study explores the impact of mihrab shape on sound characteristics in a mosque. Various mihrab shapes, including a flat wall and seven distinct shapes, were tested. Steady State Diffusivity (Dss) values were calculated. Polar response, Echo Criterion (EC), and Sound Transmission Index (STI) measurements were conducted using a 1:10 scale model omni-directional sound source with Dirac measurement system. The outcomes of this study show that the Trapezium Mihrab, Triangular Mihrab, and Flat Wall configurations demonstration distribution across all proposed parameters. This research lights the significant impact of mihrab shape on the acoustic environment within mosques, offering valuable insights for architects and designers and seeking to optimize its sound quality. The Trapezium Mihrab, characterized by its unique shape, demonstrates notable efficiency in acoustic performance. Similarly, the Triangular Mihrab and Flat Wall configurations also prove to be conducive to effective sound distribution within the mosque main hall. These findings highlight the crucial role that mihrab design plays in shaping the overall acoustics of a mosque. By recognizing the influence of mihrab shape on acoustic elements, architects and designers can make good decisions to enhance the acoustical environment for worshippers. This could contribute to the creation of harmonious and acoustically optimized mosque spaces.