Comparing the psychological outcomes of donor and non-donor conceived people: A systematic review

IF 4.7 1区医学 Q1 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Bjog-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI:10.1111/1471-0528.17892

Charlotte Talbot, Nathan Hodson, Joanne Rose, Susan Bewley

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Abstract

Background

Over 70 000 donor-conceived (DC) people have been born in the UK since 1991. Little is known about their long-term psychological outcomes and no systematic review has assessed these.

Objectives

To conduct a systematic review of the psychological experiences of DC people through childhood and adulthood (Prospero: CRD42021257863).

Search strategy

Searches of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), the Excerpta Medica database (Embase), MEDLINE® and PsycINFO, conducted on 4 January 2024.

Selection criteria

Quantitative and qualitative studies were included if: there were five or more participants; they were peer reviewed; and any DC psychological outcomes were assessed. No limits on date, language or country were applied.

Data collection and analysis

Double screening, selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed, using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoring.

Main results

Fifty studies (with 4666 DC participants), mostly from high-income anglophone countries, with heterogeneity of design, populations and outcome measures, were included. Of 19 comparative studies, 14 found no difference in outcomes between DC and non-DC people, ten found better outcomes (in health, well-being, self-esteem and emotional warmth) and six found worse outcomes (increased autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, addiction issues, mental illness, disruptive behaviour and identity problems). Qualitative data revealed common themes relating to identity formation, mistrust and concerns regarding genetic heritage. The evidence regarding adulthood outcomes was very limited.

Conclusions

The research on DC individuals presents a nuanced picture, with most studies suggesting comparable or improved outcomes in terms of well-being and relationships, but with a notable minority indicating higher rates of mental health and identity struggles. Qualitative findings underscore common negative experiences, whereas the early disclosure of DC status appears beneficial for psychological well-being.

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比较捐献者和非捐献者受孕者的心理结果：系统回顾

背景自 1991 年以来，已有 7 万多名捐精受孕者在英国出生。对他们的长期心理结果知之甚少，也没有系统性的综述对这些结果进行评估。检索策略于 2024 年 1 月 4 日检索了《护理与专职医疗文献累积索引》（CINHAL）、Excerpta Medica 数据库（Embase）、MEDLINE® 和 PsycINFO。筛选标准纳入定性和定量研究，条件是：有五名或五名以上参与者；经过同行评审；评估了任何 DC 心理结果。数据收集和分析采用乔安娜-布里格斯研究所（JBI）评分法进行双重筛选、选择、数据提取和质量评估。主要结果纳入了 50 项研究（共有 4666 名 DC 参与者），这些研究大多来自高收入英语国家，在设计、人群和结果测量方面存在异质性。在 19 项比较研究中，有 14 项研究发现幼儿保育和非幼儿保育的结果没有差异，10 项研究发现了更好的结果（在健康、幸福、自尊和情感温暖方面），6 项研究发现了更差的结果（自闭症谱系障碍和注意缺陷多动障碍、成瘾问题、精神疾病、破坏性行为和身份问题增加）。定性数据揭示了与身份形成、不信任和对遗传基因的担忧有关的共同主题。有关成年后结果的证据非常有限。结论关于特发性残疾个体的研究呈现出一种细致入微的情况，大多数研究表明，他们在幸福感和人际关系方面的结果相当或有所改善，但也有明显的少数研究表明，心理健康和身份认同方面的问题发生率较高。定性研究结果强调了常见的负面经历，而及早披露残疾人士身份似乎有利于心理健康。

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来源期刊

Bjog-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

5.20%

发文量

345

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： BJOG is an editorially independent publication owned by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). The Journal publishes original, peer-reviewed work in all areas of obstetrics and gynaecology, including contraception, urogynaecology, fertility, oncology and clinical practice. Its aim is to publish the highest quality medical research in women''s health, worldwide.