The effect of active and passive smoking during pregnancy on birth outcomes: A cohort study in Shanghai.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Tobacco Induced Diseases Pub Date : 2024-07-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.18332/tid/188866

Xiaokai Wang, Xia Gao, De Chen, Xuelian Chen, Qingwei Li, Jiani Ding, Fangyuan Yu, Xiaoyun Zhu, Nannan Zhang, Yifang Chen

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Abstract

Introduction: China is the largest tobacco consumer in the world, and tobacco poses a serious threat to the health of pregnant women. However, there are relatively few domestic studies on smoking during pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of active and passive smoking on pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes, providing evidence and recommendations for intervention measures.

Methods: This was a cohort study in Shanghai from April 2021 to September 2023. According to the smoking status of pregnant women, they were divided into three groups: active smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers. A self-designed questionnaire was utilized to conduct the survey, and their pregnancy outcomes were tracked and followed up.

Results: A total of 3446 pregnant women were included in this study, among which 2.1% were active smokers, 43.5% were passive smokers, and 54.4% were non-smokers. The average age of the pregnant women was 29.9 years, and 41.2% had a university degree or higher. The education level of active smokers and passive smokers was significantly lower than that of non-smokers (p<0.05).The average gestational age of non-smokers was 38.6 weeks, and the birth weight was 3283.2 g, which was higher than those of active smokers and passive smokers (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that passive smoking increased the likelihood of preterm birth (AOR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.05-1.81), low birth weight (AOR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.10-2.12), and intrauterine growth restriction (AOR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.02-1.79), while active smoking increased the likelihood of preterm birth (AOR=2.98; 95% CI: 1.50-5.90), low birth weight (AOR=4.29; 95% CI: 2.07-8.88), intrauterine growth restriction (AOR=2.70; 95% CI: 1.37-5.33) , and birth defects (AOR=2.66; 95% CI: 1.00-6.97).

Conclusions: Our findings illustrate that active and passive smoking can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study provides data on the relationship between smoking during pregnancy and delivery outcomes among pregnant women. In the future, we need more effective strategies to protect pregnant women from the harm of tobacco.

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孕期主动吸烟和被动吸烟对分娩结局的影响：上海的一项队列研究。

导言：中国是世界上最大的烟草消费国，烟草严重威胁着孕妇的健康。然而，国内关于孕妇孕期吸烟及分娩结局的研究相对较少。本研究旨在分析主动吸烟和被动吸烟对孕妇及其妊娠结局的影响，为干预措施提供证据和建议：本研究是一项队列研究，研究时间为 2021 年 4 月至 2023 年 9 月。根据孕妇的吸烟状况，将其分为三组：主动吸烟者、被动吸烟者和非吸烟者。采用自行设计的问卷进行调查，并对其妊娠结局进行跟踪和随访：本研究共纳入了 3446 名孕妇，其中 2.1%为主动吸烟者，43.5%为被动吸烟者，54.4%为非吸烟者。孕妇的平均年龄为 29.9 岁，41.2% 的孕妇拥有大学或以上学历。主动吸烟者和被动吸烟者的受教育程度明显低于非吸烟者（p 结论：我们的研究结果表明，主动吸烟和被动吸烟可导致不良妊娠结局。本研究提供了孕妇在怀孕期间吸烟与分娩结果之间关系的数据。未来，我们需要更有效的策略来保护孕妇免受烟草危害。

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来源期刊

Tobacco Induced Diseases SUBSTANCE ABUSE-PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

5.40%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Tobacco Induced Diseases encompasses all aspects of research related to the prevention and control of tobacco use at a global level. Preventing diseases attributable to tobacco is only one aspect of the journal, whose overall scope is to provide a forum for the publication of research articles that can contribute to reducing the burden of tobacco induced diseases globally. To address this epidemic we believe that there must be an avenue for the publication of research/policy activities on tobacco control initiatives that may be very important at a regional and national level. This approach provides a very important "hands on" service to the tobacco control community at a global scale - as common problems have common solutions. Hence, we see ourselves as "connectors" within this global community. The journal hence encourages the submission of articles from all medical, biological and psychosocial disciplines, ranging from medical and dental clinicians, through health professionals to basic biomedical and clinical scientists.