Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail apparatus: Histopathology and immunohistochemistry correlation study

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 DERMATOLOGY Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1111/cup.14666

Florine Moulart MD, Catherine Olemans MD, Nicolas de Saint Aubain MD, Bertrand Richert MD, PhD, Josette André MD

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Abstract

Background

Nail squamous cell carcinoma (NSCC) is the most frequent ungual malignant tumor, but its incidence remains low. The histopathological description is sparse. We aim to characterize NSCC histopathological aspects, search for a correlation with clinical subtypes, and investigate immunohistochemistry expression of p16, p53, and Ki67.

Methods

This retrospective study collected NSCC diagnosed in our dermatology department between 2007 and 2021. The histopathological features were correlated with the clinical signs and immunohistochemistry.

Results

A total of 48 patients were included, and immunohistochemistry was available for 36 of them. Two histopathological patterns became prominent: a blue-basaloid type characterized by koilocytosis (p < 0.001), and a pink-keratinizing type. Mean ages were similar when comparing basaloid and periungual versus keratinizing and subungual (p < 0.001). p16 was positive in 31 of 36 cases: 18 basaloid and 13 keratinizing (p = 0.167). p53 and Ki67 were all abnormal.

Conclusions

Our study described two histopathological NSCC subtypes and associated them with the two clinical subtypes: the blue-basaloid type, HPV-induced, in situ, of periungual localization in younger males; and the pink-keratinizing type, non-HPV-induced, invasive, of subungual site, in elderly. Immunohistochemistry was not contributing on its own, but p16 positivity associated with basaloid histopathological profile helps support HPV etiology.

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指甲鳞状细胞癌：组织病理学与免疫组化相关性研究

背景趾甲鳞状细胞癌（NSCC）是最常见的趾甲恶性肿瘤，但其发病率仍然很低。组织病理学描述很少。我们旨在描述 NSCC 的组织病理学特征，寻找与临床亚型的相关性，并研究 p16、p53 和 Ki67 的免疫组化表达。结果共纳入 48 例患者，其中 36 例可进行免疫组化。有两种组织病理学模式比较突出：一种是蓝色基底细胞增多型（p< 0.001），另一种是粉红色角化型。基底型和真皮周围型与角化型和真皮下型相比，平均年龄相似（p <0.001）：结论：我们的研究描述了两种组织病理学 NSCC 亚型，并将其与两种临床亚型联系起来：蓝色基底型，HPV 诱导，原位，位于真皮周围，多见于年轻男性；粉红色角化型，非 HPV 诱导，浸润性，位于真皮下，多见于老年人。免疫组化本身并无作用，但 p16 阳性与基底样组织病理学特征相关，有助于支持 HPV 病因。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology 医学-病理学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

5.90%

发文量

174

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Cutaneous Pathology publishes manuscripts broadly relevant to diseases of the skin and mucosae, with the aims of advancing scientific knowledge regarding dermatopathology and enhancing the communication between clinical practitioners and research scientists. Original scientific manuscripts on diagnostic and experimental cutaneous pathology are especially desirable. Timely, pertinent review articles also will be given high priority. Manuscripts based on light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy, histochemistry, immunology, molecular biology, and genetics, as well as allied sciences, are all welcome, provided their principal focus is on cutaneous pathology. Publication time will be kept as short as possible, ensuring that articles will be quickly available to all interested in this speciality.