Dwarf Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma (Salmonidae) from Mountain Lakes of the Kamchatka Subnival Belt

IF 0.5 4区生物学 Q4 FISHERIES Journal of Ichthyology Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI:10.1134/s0032945224700140

E. V. Esin, D. A. Medvedev, N. B. Korostelev, G. N. Markevich

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Abstract—

Charrs of the genus Salvelinus (Salmonidae) exhibit diverse patterns of heterochrony throughout their ontogeny, resulting in contrasting intraspecific phenotypic variation. This study focuses on isolated populations of Dolly Varden charr, Salvelinus malma, inhabiting cold-water lakes within the subnival belt on the Kamchatka Peninsula. Our study reveals a previously undescribed trend towards paedomorphosis in these populations. Specialization is associated with inhibition of somatic growth compared to the widely distributed migratory (anadromous and river-lake) Dolly Varden from open water systems. Juvenile charrs from landlocked lakes differ in relatively high muscle fat content. Rates of sexual maturation and morphological differentiation remain similar to those of migratory populations. Paedomorphic trends in skull structure are insignificant and the numbers of meristic serial elements do not decrease. Charrs from landlocked mountain lakes grow to a maximum length of 20 cm reaching an age of eight to nine years, while the median age of spawners is 6.2 years. Migratory charrs have the same lifespan, but spawners are 1.6–2.0 times larger. Dwarfism tends to evolve over a small number of generations, as similar phenotypes have been described in populations from the lakes originated more than 12 000 and 400 years ago.

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堪察加亚河谷带高山湖泊中的矮小多尔瓦登鱼 Salvelinus malma（鲑鱼科

摘要--鲑鱼属（Salvelinus）的鲑鱼在其整个发育过程中表现出不同的异构模式，从而导致种内表型变异的对比。本研究的重点是栖息在堪察加半岛亚沼泽带冷水湖中的多利瓦尔登鲑（Salvelinus malma）的孤立种群。我们的研究揭示了以前未曾描述过的这些种群的拟态趋势。与来自开放水系的广泛分布的洄游性（溯河和河湖）多丽鱼相比，特化与抑制体细胞生长有关。内陆湖泊中的幼年黑熊肌肉脂肪含量相对较高。性成熟和形态分化的速度与洄游种群相似。头骨结构的同形趋势并不明显，分化序列元素的数量也没有减少。内陆高山湖泊中的黑熊最大体长为 20 厘米，年龄为 8-9 岁，而产卵者的中位年龄为 6.2 岁。洄游赤鲑的寿命相同，但产卵者的体型是洄游赤鲑的 1.6-2.0 倍。侏儒症往往是经过少量世代演变而来的，因为在 12 000 多年前和 400 多年前的湖泊种群中也出现过类似的表型。

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来源期刊

Journal of Ichthyology Multiple-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

28.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Journal of Ichthyology is an international peer-reviewed journal published in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences. It covers original studies in fish taxonomy, evolution, molecular biology, morphology, species diversity, zoological geography, genetics, physiology, ecology, behavior, reproduction, embryology, invasions, and protection. Some problems of applied ichthyology are also covered. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.