Chronical Soil Pollution with Chromium in the Tanneries Area: a Case Study in Damascus, Syria

IF 1.4 4区农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE Eurasian Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1134/s1064229324600465

R. Al-Khoury, A. A. K. Jaafar, S. Salim, S. Mandzhieva, A. Barakhov, L. Perelomov, V. D. Rajput

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Abstract

The present work was conducted to evaluate the chromium contamination and its relationship with soil components of the Eastern Ghouta of Damascus, Syria. Various areas were chosen in the terms of chromium content analysis. Soil samples were collected from these areas to a depth of 60 cm from the three layers, at intervals of 20 cm. The results showed that the levels of total and Cr^VI were within the normal limits in Al-Maamouniye (uncontaminated with chromium), Jobar (agricultural land), and Ein Tarma (agricultural land). While it exceeded the maximum permissible limit (MPL) as per FAO and WHO on the area of Tanneries (Dabagat). The soil content of Cr^III (536.99, 474.34, 415.77 mg kg^–1) and Cr^VI (0.12, 0.51, 0.75 mg kg^–1) were determined in the layers of 0–20, 20–40, 40–60 cm, respectively. The results also showed that 80% of chromium was associated with organic matter in the soil of Al-Dabagat region. In contrast, approximately 85% of chromium was available in the remaining part of the Mamounia soil. It was noted the content of chromium, which is associated with iron and manganese oxides, were high. Although chromium was exchangeable and bounded to CaCO₃, however, its quantity was negligible. The results showed that the concentration of Cr^VI increased with depth at all the selected areas, in contrast to Cr^III which decreased with the depth of soils.

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制革厂地区长期的土壤铬污染：叙利亚大马士革的案例研究

摘要本研究旨在评估叙利亚大马士革东姑塔地区的铬污染及其与土壤成分的关系。从铬含量分析的角度选择了多个地区。从这些地区采集了三层 60 厘米深的土壤样本，每层间隔 20 厘米。结果显示，Al-Maamouniye（未受铬污染）、Jobar（农田）和 Ein Tarma（农田）的总铬含量和六价铬含量均在正常范围内。而在制革厂（达巴加特）地区，则超过了联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织规定的最大允许限值 (MPL)。在 0-20 厘米、20-40 厘米、40-60 厘米的土层中分别测定了 CrIII（536.99、474.34、415.77 毫克/千克-1）和 CrVI（0.12、0.51、0.75 毫克/千克-1）的含量。结果还显示，在 Al-Dabagat 地区的土壤中，80% 的铬与有机物有关。相比之下，在马穆尼亚土壤的其余部分，约有 85% 的铬存在。人们注意到，与铁和锰氧化物相关的铬含量很高。虽然铬是可交换的，并与 CaCO3 结合在一起，但其数量微乎其微。结果表明，在所有选定地区，铬六的浓度随着土壤深度的增加而增加，而铬三则随着土壤深度的增加而减少。

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来源期刊

Eurasian Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

35.70%

发文量

137

审稿时长

12-24 weeks

期刊介绍： Eurasian Soil Science publishes original research papers on global and regional studies discussing both theoretical and experimental problems of genesis, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, management, conservation, and remediation of soils. Special sections are devoted to current news in the life of the International and Russian soil science societies and to the history of soil sciences. Since 2000, the journal Agricultural Chemistry, the English version of the journal of the Russian Academy of Sciences Agrokhimiya, has been merged into the journal Eurasian Soil Science and is no longer published as a separate title.