{"title":"Effect of Novel and Traditional Intracanal Medicaments on Biofilm Viability and Composition","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that a combination of D-amino acids (DAAs) and <em>trans</em>-cinnamaldehyde (TC) demonstrates superior antibiofilm activity to calcium hydroxide (CH) and untreated controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this 3-part <em>in vitro</em> study, the concentration of DAAs (D-methionine, D-leucine, D-tyrosine, and D-tryptophan) that would significantly decrease <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> and <em>Actinomyces naeslundii</em> biofilm biomass was first determined. Then, the effect of TC + selected DAAs on polymicrobial biofilms was characterized by quantifying the biomass and biofilm viability. Finally, the antibiofilm effects of TC + DAA was compared with CH and untreated controls by (i) determining bacterial viability and (ii) quantifying biofilm matrix composition using selective fluorescence-binding analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and appropriate multiple comparisons test, with <em>P</em> < .05 considered as statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TC (0.06%) + D-tyrosine (1 mM) + D-tryptophan (25 mM) significantly reduced the biomass and biofilm viability compared to the control (<em>P</em> < .05). While no significant difference was observed between TC + DAA and CH in the cultivable bacterial counts (<em>P</em> > .05), confocal microscopy demonstrated a significantly greater percentage of dead bacteria in TC + DAA-treated biofilms compared to CH and the control (<em>P</em> < .05). TC + DAA significantly decreased the biovolume and all the examined components of the biofilm matrix quantity compared to the control, while CH significantly reduced only the exopolysaccharide quantity (<em>P</em> < .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of TC + D-tyrosine + D-tryptophan demonstrated superior antibiofilm activity (biofilm bacterial killing and reduction of matrix quantity) to CH and has potential to be developed as an intracanal medicament.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of endodontics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239924003984","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that a combination of D-amino acids (DAAs) and trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) demonstrates superior antibiofilm activity to calcium hydroxide (CH) and untreated controls.
Methods
In this 3-part in vitro study, the concentration of DAAs (D-methionine, D-leucine, D-tyrosine, and D-tryptophan) that would significantly decrease Enterococcus faecalis and Actinomyces naeslundii biofilm biomass was first determined. Then, the effect of TC + selected DAAs on polymicrobial biofilms was characterized by quantifying the biomass and biofilm viability. Finally, the antibiofilm effects of TC + DAA was compared with CH and untreated controls by (i) determining bacterial viability and (ii) quantifying biofilm matrix composition using selective fluorescence-binding analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and appropriate multiple comparisons test, with P < .05 considered as statistically significant.
Results
TC (0.06%) + D-tyrosine (1 mM) + D-tryptophan (25 mM) significantly reduced the biomass and biofilm viability compared to the control (P < .05). While no significant difference was observed between TC + DAA and CH in the cultivable bacterial counts (P > .05), confocal microscopy demonstrated a significantly greater percentage of dead bacteria in TC + DAA-treated biofilms compared to CH and the control (P < .05). TC + DAA significantly decreased the biovolume and all the examined components of the biofilm matrix quantity compared to the control, while CH significantly reduced only the exopolysaccharide quantity (P < .05).
Conclusion
The combination of TC + D-tyrosine + D-tryptophan demonstrated superior antibiofilm activity (biofilm bacterial killing and reduction of matrix quantity) to CH and has potential to be developed as an intracanal medicament.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Endodontics, the official journal of the American Association of Endodontists, publishes scientific articles, case reports and comparison studies evaluating materials and methods of pulp conservation and endodontic treatment. Endodontists and general dentists can learn about new concepts in root canal treatment and the latest advances in techniques and instrumentation in the one journal that helps them keep pace with rapid changes in this field.