An Endothelial Cell Is Not Simply an Endothelial Cell.

Stem cells and development Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI:10.1089/scd.2024.0088
Shiwani Limbu, Kara E McCloskey
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Abstract

Endothelial cells (ECs) are a multifaceted component of the vascular system with roles in immunity, maintaining tissue fluid balance, and vascular tone. Dysregulation or dysfunction of ECs can have far-reaching implications, leading pathologies ranging from cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, ischemia, chronic kidney disease, blood-brain barrier integrity, dementia, and tumor metastasis. Recent advancements in regenerative medicine have highlighted the potential of stem cell-derived ECs, particularly from induced pluripotent stem cells, to treat ischemic tissues, as well as models of vascular integrity. This review summarizes what is known in the generation of ECs with an emphasis on tissue-specific ECs and EC subphenotypes important in the development of targeted cell-based therapies for patient treatment.

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内皮细胞不仅仅是内皮细胞。
内皮细胞(ECs)是血管系统的多面组成部分,在免疫、维持组织液平衡和血管张力方面发挥作用。内皮细胞失调或功能障碍会产生深远影响,导致心血管疾病(如高血压和动脉粥样硬化)、缺血、慢性肾病、血脑屏障完整性、痴呆症和肿瘤转移等病症。再生医学的最新进展突显了干细胞衍生的心血管细胞(尤其是诱导多能干细胞(iPSC))治疗缺血组织和血管完整性模型的潜力。本综述将总结目前已知的心肌细胞生成方法,重点关注组织特异性心肌细胞和心肌细胞亚型,这对开发基于细胞的靶向疗法治疗患者非常重要。
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