The short-term effects of visa restrictions on migrants’ legal status and well-being: A difference-in-differences approach on Venezuelan displacement

IF 5.4 1区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES World Development Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106709
Omar Hammoud-Gallego
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Abstract

Most countries across the globe introduce visa restrictions to regulate immigration, yet little is known about their effect on migrants’ decision to migrate and their well-being. I study the mass displacement of Venezuelan nationals, and through a difference-in-differences research design, I compare the effectiveness of introducing visa restrictions in reducing overall migration flows in certain countries across South America. I use a data set of 85,000 migrants and refugees − mostly Venezuelans − surveyed by the UNHCR. Findings suggest that visa restrictions increased the likelihood of irregular entry and irregular visa status for migrants while also leading to changes in their priorities. Unexpectedly, I do not find evidence of increased violence suffered by migrants who switch towards irregular entry channels in specific countries. This research contributes to the academic and policy debate on the effectiveness of visa restrictions on migratory flows, as well the literature on the effects of migration policies on migrants’ well-being.

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签证限制对移民法律地位和福祉的短期影响:委内瑞拉流离失所者的差异分析法
全球大多数国家都引入了签证限制措施来管理移民,但人们对这些措施对移民的移民决定及其福祉的影响却知之甚少。我研究了委内瑞拉国民的大规模流离失所问题,并通过差异研究设计,比较了在南美洲某些国家实行签证限制对减少整体移民潮的效果。我使用了联合国难民署调查的 85,000 名移民和难民(大部分是委内瑞拉人)的数据集。调查结果表明,签证限制增加了移民非正常入境和非正常签证身份的可能性,同时也导致了他们优先考虑事项的改变。出乎意料的是,我并没有发现在特定国家转而采用非正常入境渠道的移民所遭受的暴力有所增加的证据。本研究为有关签证限制对移民流动的有效性的学术和政策辩论,以及有关移民政策对移民福祉的影响的文献做出了贡献。
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来源期刊
World Development
World Development Multiple-
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
5.80%
发文量
320
期刊介绍: World Development is a multi-disciplinary monthly journal of development studies. It seeks to explore ways of improving standards of living, and the human condition generally, by examining potential solutions to problems such as: poverty, unemployment, malnutrition, disease, lack of shelter, environmental degradation, inadequate scientific and technological resources, trade and payments imbalances, international debt, gender and ethnic discrimination, militarism and civil conflict, and lack of popular participation in economic and political life. Contributions offer constructive ideas and analysis, and highlight the lessons to be learned from the experiences of different nations, societies, and economies.
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