Storytelling changes the content and perceived value of event memories

IF 2.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105884
Devlin Eckardt , Chelsea Helion , Helen Schmidt , Janice Chen , Vishnu P. Murty
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Abstract

Memories are not only stored for personal recall, but also to communicate knowledge to others in service of adaptive decision-making. Prior research shows that goals to share information can change which content is communicated in memory as well as the linguistic style embedded in this communication. Yet, little is known as to how communication-related alterations in memory narration drive differences of value processing in listeners. Here, we test how memory communication alters multi-featural recall for complex events and the downstream consequence on value estimations in naïve listeners. Participants recalled a memory of playing an exploratory videogame at a 24-h delay under instructions to either share (i.e., social condition) or recall (i.e., control condition) their memory. Sharing goals systematically altered the content and linguistic style of recall, such that narrators from the social condition were biased towards recall of non-episodic details and communicated their memories with more clout, less formality, and less authenticity. Across two independent samples of naïve listeners, these features differentially influenced value estimations of the video game. We found that greater clout was associated with greater enjoyment while listening to memories (hedonic value), and that greater inclusion of non-episodic details resulted in greater willingness to purchase the video game (motivational drive). These findings indicate that sharing an experience as a story can change the content and linguistic tone of memory recall, which in turn shape perceived value in naïve listeners.

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讲故事能改变事件记忆的内容和感知价值。
记忆的存储不仅是为了个人回忆,也是为了向他人传递知识,以服务于适应性决策。先前的研究表明,分享信息的目标会改变记忆中的交流内容以及交流中的语言风格。然而,对于记忆叙述中与交流相关的改变如何驱动听者的价值加工差异,我们却知之甚少。在这里,我们测试了记忆交流如何改变复杂事件的多自然回忆,以及其对天真听者价值估计的下游影响。受试者在分享(即社交条件)或回忆(即控制条件)其记忆的指令下,延迟 24 小时回忆玩探索性电子游戏的记忆。分享目标系统性地改变了回忆的内容和语言风格,因此社交条件下的叙述者偏向于回忆非情节性细节,并以更大的影响力、更低的形式感和更低的真实性来传达他们的回忆。在两个独立的天真听者样本中,这些特征对视频游戏的价值评估产生了不同的影响。我们发现,更大的影响力与听者在聆听回忆时更大的愉悦感(享乐价值)相关,而更多地包含非情节细节则会使听者更愿意购买视频游戏(动机驱动)。这些研究结果表明,以故事的形式分享经历可以改变记忆回忆的内容和语言基调,进而影响天真的听众的感知价值。
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来源期刊
Cognition
Cognition PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
283
期刊介绍: Cognition is an international journal that publishes theoretical and experimental papers on the study of the mind. It covers a wide variety of subjects concerning all the different aspects of cognition, ranging from biological and experimental studies to formal analysis. Contributions from the fields of psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, computer science, mathematics, ethology and philosophy are welcome in this journal provided that they have some bearing on the functioning of the mind. In addition, the journal serves as a forum for discussion of social and political aspects of cognitive science.
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