Effects of lead on avian thermoregulation in the heat: An experimental test with pied crows (Corvus albus)

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI:10.1016/j.etap.2024.104519

Andrew E. McKechnie , Marc T. Freeman , Ryno Kemp , Kerri Wolter , Vinny Naidoo

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Abstract

Many of the negative physiological effects of lead involve the hypothalamus, but the possibility that thermoregulation is affected has received little attention. We tested the hypothesis that lead exposure reduces avian thermoregulatory performance under hot conditions in pied crows (Corvus albus) experimentally exposed to lead in their diet. Crows in our high lead treatment (blood [Pb] = 87.3 ± 44.7 μg dL⁻¹) showed significantly higher air temperature (T_air) inflections for evaporative water loss (EWL) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) compared to control (6.4 ± 1.8 μg dL⁻¹) or intermediate (53.9 ± 23.7 μg dL⁻¹) lead groups, which did not differ. EWL, RMR and body temperature (T_b) all increased more rapidly at T_air > T_b in the high lead treatment. In contrast, neither maximum T_air tolerated by the crows nor maximum T_b varied with treatment. Our data reveal that water and energy balance during hot weather is affected by lead exposure.

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铅对鸟类在高温下体温调节的影响：以白鹡鸰（Corvus albus）为对象的实验测试。

铅的许多负面生理效应都涉及下丘脑，但体温调节受到影响的可能性却很少受到关注。我们对实验性暴露于食物中铅的白腹灰鸦（Corvus albus）进行了测试，假设铅暴露会降低鸟类在高温条件下的体温调节性能。与对照组（6.4 ± 1.8μgdL-1）或中铅组（53.9 ± 23.7μgdL-1）相比，高铅处理（血液[Pb] = 87.3 ± 44.7μgdL-1）的乌鸦在蒸发性失水（EWL）和静止代谢率（RMR）方面表现出明显更高的气温（Tair）拐点，而对照组和中铅组没有差异。在高铅处理中，当 Tair >Tb 时，EWL、RMR 和体温 (Tb) 都增加得更快。相比之下，乌鸦所能耐受的最大 Tair 和最大 Tb 都不随处理而变化。我们的数据表明，高温天气下的水分和能量平衡会受到铅暴露的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

4.70%

发文量

185

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology publishes the results of studies concerning toxic and pharmacological effects of (human and veterinary) drugs and of environmental contaminants in animals and man. Areas of special interest are: molecular mechanisms of toxicity, biotransformation and toxicokinetics (including toxicokinetic modelling), molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms explaining differences in sensitivity between species and individuals, the characterisation of pathophysiological models and mechanisms involved in the development of effects and the identification of biological markers that can be used to study exposure and effects in man and animals. In addition to full length papers, short communications, full-length reviews and mini-reviews, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology will publish in depth assessments of special problem areas. The latter publications may exceed the length of a full length paper three to fourfold. A basic requirement is that the assessments are made under the auspices of international groups of leading experts in the fields concerned. The information examined may either consist of data that were already published, or of new data that were obtained within the framework of collaborative research programmes. Provision is also made for the acceptance of minireviews on (classes of) compounds, toxicities or mechanisms, debating recent advances in rapidly developing fields that fall within the scope of the journal.