Maternal transmission of Small Ruminant Lentivirus has no epidemiological importance

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Preventive veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106297

Andrew W. Illius , Nicholas J. Savill

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Abstract

The relative importance of maternal and horizontal transmission of small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), the causative organism in maedi-visna, is poorly understood. Review of the literature shows that maternal transmission is inefficient, infecting only about 10–25 % of the lambs of infected ewes. Theory proves that maternal transmission alone cannot achieve the rates of transmission that would be required to start or maintain an outbreak. Maternal and horizontal transmission are additive in effect, and we use modelling to show that maternal transmission does not amplify or enhance prevalence in the presence of horizontal transmission. Taking steps to avoid maternal transmission by rearing lambs without infected maternal colostrum does have a role in producing a clean flock, but has no significance for the control of a disease outbreak if the conditions for horizontal transmission are present. Efforts to prevent disease by reducing the spread of SRLV must be focussed on minimising horizontal transmission.

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小反刍兽慢病毒的母体传播在流行病学上并不重要。

人们对小反刍兽疫的病原体--小反刍兽疫慢病毒（SRLV）的母体传播和水平传播的相对重要性知之甚少。文献综述表明，母源传播的效率很低，受感染母羊的羔羊中只有约 10-25% 会受到感染。理论证明，仅靠母体传播无法达到引发或维持疫情所需的传播率。母源传播和水平传播的效果是相加的，我们通过建模表明，在存在水平传播的情况下，母源传播不会扩大或提高流行率。采取措施避免母源传播，饲养没有感染母源初乳的羔羊，确实可以培养出干净的羊群，但如果存在水平传播的条件，则对控制疾病爆发没有意义。通过减少 SRLV 传播来预防疾病的工作必须侧重于尽量减少水平传播。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Preventive veterinary medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

184

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Preventive Veterinary Medicine is one of the leading international resources for scientific reports on animal health programs and preventive veterinary medicine. The journal follows the guidelines for standardizing and strengthening the reporting of biomedical research which are available from the CONSORT, MOOSE, PRISMA, REFLECT, STARD, and STROBE statements. The journal focuses on: Epidemiology of health events relevant to domestic and wild animals; Economic impacts of epidemic and endemic animal and zoonotic diseases; Latest methods and approaches in veterinary epidemiology; Disease and infection control or eradication measures; The "One Health" concept and the relationships between veterinary medicine, human health, animal-production systems, and the environment; Development of new techniques in surveillance systems and diagnosis; Evaluation and control of diseases in animal populations.