Chromium gradient stainless steels with simultaneous high strength, ductility, and corrosion-resistant: In-depth study of continuous hardening mechanisms
{"title":"Chromium gradient stainless steels with simultaneous high strength, ductility, and corrosion-resistant: In-depth study of continuous hardening mechanisms","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijplas.2024.104082","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cr-rich stainless steel sheets exhibit superior corrosion resistance but low ductility, which presents a trade-off between fabrication complexity and performance of the materials in multiple industrial applications, such as marine equipment and microreactors. By transitioning the Cr-rich (30 wt.% Cr) stainless steel component to SS 316 L with a smooth composition gradient in the thickness direction, the intrinsic homogeneous elongation of the Cr-rich layer was increased by 260 % while maintaining the naturally high corrosion resistance (100 %) and retaining most of the strength (more than 80 %). By employing in-situ tensile testing and electron backscatter diffraction analysis, it was revealed that the Cr-rich layer in the gradient structure underwent a profound deformation mechanism, including significant heterogeneous deformation-induced hardening and grain reorientation induced by multiplication and accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations, in such a way to enable a substantial plastic strain and thereby retarding the occurrence of fracture. The proportion of the Cr-rich layer makes a significant impact on the magnitude of the strain gradient in the gradient specimens, therefore affecting the increment of density of geometrically necessary dislocations. The critical proportion value of the Cr-rich layer is found to be around 22 %. Before and after the critical value the gradient specimens showed different sensitivities to the proportion. This discovery underlines the significance of intrinsic plasticity in low-ductility metals and the role of compositional gradient materials in enhancing strength and ductility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":340,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plasticity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Plasticity","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749641924002092","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cr-rich stainless steel sheets exhibit superior corrosion resistance but low ductility, which presents a trade-off between fabrication complexity and performance of the materials in multiple industrial applications, such as marine equipment and microreactors. By transitioning the Cr-rich (30 wt.% Cr) stainless steel component to SS 316 L with a smooth composition gradient in the thickness direction, the intrinsic homogeneous elongation of the Cr-rich layer was increased by 260 % while maintaining the naturally high corrosion resistance (100 %) and retaining most of the strength (more than 80 %). By employing in-situ tensile testing and electron backscatter diffraction analysis, it was revealed that the Cr-rich layer in the gradient structure underwent a profound deformation mechanism, including significant heterogeneous deformation-induced hardening and grain reorientation induced by multiplication and accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations, in such a way to enable a substantial plastic strain and thereby retarding the occurrence of fracture. The proportion of the Cr-rich layer makes a significant impact on the magnitude of the strain gradient in the gradient specimens, therefore affecting the increment of density of geometrically necessary dislocations. The critical proportion value of the Cr-rich layer is found to be around 22 %. Before and after the critical value the gradient specimens showed different sensitivities to the proportion. This discovery underlines the significance of intrinsic plasticity in low-ductility metals and the role of compositional gradient materials in enhancing strength and ductility.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Plasticity aims to present original research encompassing all facets of plastic deformation, damage, and fracture behavior in both isotropic and anisotropic solids. This includes exploring the thermodynamics of plasticity and fracture, continuum theory, and macroscopic as well as microscopic phenomena.
Topics of interest span the plastic behavior of single crystals and polycrystalline metals, ceramics, rocks, soils, composites, nanocrystalline and microelectronics materials, shape memory alloys, ferroelectric ceramics, thin films, and polymers. Additionally, the journal covers plasticity aspects of failure and fracture mechanics. Contributions involving significant experimental, numerical, or theoretical advancements that enhance the understanding of the plastic behavior of solids are particularly valued. Papers addressing the modeling of finite nonlinear elastic deformation, bearing similarities to the modeling of plastic deformation, are also welcomed.