Organometallic complexes and reaction methods for synthesis: a review

Abstract

Organometallics are chemical compounds that consist of carbon-metal linkages. They have emerged as a result of the combination of organic and inorganic chemistry and exhibit a stable metal-carbon bond in solution. These compounds possess properties that lie between those of ionic and covalent bonds, making them highly significant in various industries. The fact that organometallics are present in all living organisms further emphasises their importance. In this overview, we will explore general reactions, such as substitution and insertion reactions, as well as different techniques for creating organometallic complexes. Additionally, we will provide a brief synthesis review of various types of organometallic complexes, including carbonyls, hydrides, alkyls, carbenes, and carbines. Organometallic compounds find extensive applications in stoichiometric chemical processes in both research and industry. Moreover, they serve as catalysts to enhance these reactions, making them more than just theoretical compounds. For example, organotin compounds are widely used as fire retardants, polymers, medications, insecticides, and stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride.