Impact of high-speed railway on gentrification and regional inequality in Japan

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI:10.1016/j.trd.2024.104346

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Abstract

This study examines the effects of high-speed railways (HSRs) on gentrification in Japan from 2000 to 2019, using indicators including land prices and income levels. Using the market access index and instrumental variable strategy, we establish a causal relationship between HSR expansion and gentrification. The results show a 39.38% increase in urban land prices and 6.20% rise in urban income compared to a 21.13% decrease in rural land prices and 3.33% decrease in rural income. Additionally, rural areas experienced a population decline of 38.61%, whereas urban migration surged by 71.93%, indicating HSR-driven urban prosperity at the expense of rural areas. Based on our policy simulations, these trends are expected to continue. To mitigate these inequalities, we suggest fare policy adjustments that promote rural–urban travel as an effective gentrification countermeasure. Our findings highlight the importance of holistic infrastructure strategies, including innovative fare models, to achieve equitable urban–rural development.

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高速铁路对日本城市化和地区不平等的影响

本研究利用包括土地价格和收入水平在内的指标，考察了 2000 年至 2019 年高速铁路（HSR）对日本绅士化的影响。利用市场准入指数和工具变量策略，我们建立了高铁扩张与城市化之间的因果关系。结果显示，城市地价上涨了 39.38%，城市收入增加了 6.20%，而农村地价下降了 21.13%，农村收入减少了 3.33%。此外，农村地区的人口减少了 38.61%，而城市人口迁移却激增了 71.93%，这表明高铁带动了城市的繁荣，却牺牲了农村地区的利益。根据我们的政策模拟，预计这些趋势将持续下去。为缓解这些不平等现象，我们建议调整票价政策，促进城乡出行，以此作为有效的城市化对策。我们的研究结果凸显了包括创新票价模式在内的整体基础设施战略对于实现城乡公平发展的重要性。

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来源期刊

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment 工程技术-运输科技

CiteScore

14.40

自引率

9.20%

发文量

314

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment focuses on original research exploring the environmental impacts of transportation, policy responses to these impacts, and their implications for transportation system design, planning, and management. The journal comprehensively covers the interaction between transportation and the environment, ranging from local effects on specific geographical areas to global implications such as natural resource depletion and atmospheric pollution. We welcome research papers across all transportation modes, including maritime, air, and land transportation, assessing their environmental impacts broadly. Papers addressing both mobile aspects and transportation infrastructure are considered. The journal prioritizes empirical findings and policy responses of regulatory, planning, technical, or fiscal nature. Articles are policy-driven, accessible, and applicable to readers from diverse disciplines, emphasizing relevance and practicality. We encourage interdisciplinary submissions and welcome contributions from economically developing and advanced countries alike, reflecting our international orientation.