Preservación de la fertilidad social o no médica

Abstract

Fertility preservation for social or non medical reasons is one of the reproductive treatments that has experienced the greatest increase in demand in recent years. The impact of age on a woman's ovarian reserve and oocyte quality is well known. This negatively impacts the rates of spontaneous pregnancy, risk of aneuploidy, miscarriage, and maternal and fetal complications.

Oocyte cryopreservation, carried out mainly by a healthy population, aims to mitigate the impact of age on ovarian aging and future chances of pregnancy, although it does not exempt itself from other negative consequences from the maternal and fetal health perspective, due to a delay in motherhood.

This manuscript aims to review the egg freezing treatment in terms of efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness, since the increase in demand is an indirect reaction to a change in social trend and an increase in women who decide to postpone their motherhood, especially due to the absence of a partner.

It also emphasizes the ethical aspects of a treatment that only a minority of the population can benefit from due to its private access in most cases. This encounters certain limitations, especially for women who, despite having a good reproductive prognosis due to age, could already be in a situation of premature ovarian insufficiency.