Why a Little Diversity doesn't Go a Long Way: A Collective Moral Licensing Explanation for Homosocial Reproduction

IF 7 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Journal of Management Studies Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI:10.1111/joms.13132
B. Parker Ellen, Jennifer C. Sexton, Marla Baskerville Watkins
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Abstract

Despite significant knowledge on the demographic composition of workgroups, the literature lacks group‐level theory that addresses the tendency of work groups with token levels of diversity to maintain their demographic imbalance over time. We explain this phenomenon by extending moral licensing theory to the group level, arguing that a token level of racial or gender diversity leads to the development of a collective moral credential. This credential provides psychological permission for groups to relax their moral strivings, such that they are less likely to question the influence of bias in group member selection decisions, and thus more likely to make subsequent homogenous group member additions. Additionally, we argue that the diversity climates within which groups are embedded can either magnify (i.e., in fairness‐focused diversity climates) or mitigate (i.e., in synergy‐focused diversity climates) the development of a collective moral credential. Further, we suggest that the effect of token levels of diversity on the development of a collective moral credential can be affected by the prevailing social norms for diversity. Finally, we theorize that the effects of this process can be accentuated by group use of a majority decision rule and attenuated by group use of a unanimous decision rule.
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为什么 "多样性不足"?同性繁殖的集体道德许可解释
尽管对工作组的人口构成有了大量了解,但文献中缺乏群体层面的理论来解决具有象征性多样性水平的工作组随着时间的推移保持其人口失衡的趋势。我们通过将道德许可理论扩展到群体层面来解释这一现象,认为象征性的种族或性别多样性水平会导致集体道德证书的发展。这种证书为群体放松道德要求提供了心理许可,使他们不太可能质疑群体成员选择决策中偏见的影响,从而更有可能在随后增加同质化的群体成员。此外,我们还认为,群体所处的多样性氛围可以放大(即在注重公平的多样性氛围中)或减轻(即在注重协同的多样性氛围中)集体道德资质的发展。此外,我们还认为,象征性的多样性水平对集体道德资质发展的影响可能会受到现行多样性社会规范的影响。最后,我们从理论上认为,这一过程的影响会因群体采用多数决定规则而加剧,因群体采用一致决定规则而减弱。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
16.40
自引率
5.70%
发文量
99
期刊介绍: The Journal of Management Studies is a prestigious publication that specializes in multidisciplinary research in the field of business and management. With a rich history of excellence, we are dedicated to publishing innovative articles that contribute to the advancement of management and organization studies. Our journal welcomes empirical and conceptual contributions that are relevant to various areas including organization theory, organizational behavior, human resource management, strategy, international business, entrepreneurship, innovation, and critical management studies. We embrace diversity and are open to a wide range of methodological approaches and philosophical perspectives.
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