{"title":"Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Epigenetic landscape and clinical implications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101131","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a rare, heterogenous group of neoplasms arising from cells of the neuroendocrine system. Amongst solid tumor malignancies, NETs are notable for overall genetic stability and recent data supports the notion that epigenetic changes may drive NET pathogenesis. In this review, major epigenetic mechanisms of NET pathogenesis are reviewed, including changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA. Prognostic implications of the above are discussed, as well as the expanding diagnostic utility of epigenetic markers in NETs. Lastly, preclinical and clinical evaluations of epigenetically targeted therapies in NETs and are reviewed, with a focus on future directions in therapeutic advancement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Problems in Cancer","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147027224000722","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a rare, heterogenous group of neoplasms arising from cells of the neuroendocrine system. Amongst solid tumor malignancies, NETs are notable for overall genetic stability and recent data supports the notion that epigenetic changes may drive NET pathogenesis. In this review, major epigenetic mechanisms of NET pathogenesis are reviewed, including changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA. Prognostic implications of the above are discussed, as well as the expanding diagnostic utility of epigenetic markers in NETs. Lastly, preclinical and clinical evaluations of epigenetically targeted therapies in NETs and are reviewed, with a focus on future directions in therapeutic advancement.
神经内分泌肿瘤（NET）是神经内分泌系统细胞产生的一类罕见的异质性肿瘤。在实体瘤恶性肿瘤中，NET 的整体遗传稳定性非常突出，最近的数据支持了表观遗传学变化可能驱动 NET 发病的观点。本综述回顾了NET发病的主要表观遗传学机制，包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和微RNA的变化。本文还讨论了上述机制的预后意义，以及表观遗传标记在NET诊断中不断扩大的作用。最后，还回顾了表观遗传靶向疗法在NET中的临床前和临床评估，并重点探讨了未来的治疗进展方向。
期刊介绍：
Current Problems in Cancer seeks to promote and disseminate innovative, transformative, and impactful data on patient-oriented cancer research and clinical care. Specifically, the journal''s scope is focused on reporting the results of well-designed cancer studies that influence/alter practice or identify new directions in clinical cancer research. These studies can include novel therapeutic approaches, new strategies for early diagnosis, cancer clinical trials, and supportive care, among others. Papers that focus solely on laboratory-based or basic science research are discouraged. The journal''s format also allows, on occasion, for a multi-faceted overview of a single topic via a curated selection of review articles, while also offering articles that present dynamic material that influences the oncology field.
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