Apparent digestibility and calcium and phosphorus in urine after feeding different combinations of calcium and phosphorus sources to adult dogs

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of a water-soluble calcium (Ca) source (CaCl₂) with a water-soluble phosphorus (P) source (NaH₂PO₄*2H₂O, diet soluble, SOL) in comparison to a water-insoluble P source (CaHPO4*2H₂O, diet insoluble, INS) on apparent digestibility and renal excretion of Ca and P in dogs. The Ca intake was 226 mg/kg bodyweight (bw), the Ca/P ratio 1.9/1 in SOL and 2.0/1 in INS. The percentage of Ca from CaCl₂ was 60% in SOL and 33% in INS. Eight adult Foxhound-crossbred dogs FBI, (3–5 years, bw 24–32 kg) were available. Standard digestion trials were carried out (10 days adaptation, 5 days total faecal collection). Spontaneously excreted urine was collected pre- and postprandially. In vitro water solubility of P in the mineral premixes was determined. The Ca digestibility was negative in both trials without significant differences between the groups. Apparent P digestibility was increased in group SOL (26% vs. 20% in INS). In both groups, P content in urine was higher pre- compared to postprandial, with higher concentrations in group SOL. The same was true for the P/Crea ratio. The water solubility of P in the mineral premixes used in the trials showed considerable differences: The P in premix INS was insoluble in water after 1 and after 90 min. By contrast, the P in the premix SOL was highly soluble (98%) after 1 minute. After 90 min, however, the P solubility decreased to 43%, suggesting the formation of insoluble CaP salts, presumably from CaCl₂ and NaH₂PO₄*2H₂O. In conclusion, in the present study, apparent Ca digestibility in dogs was not affected by the solubility of Ca and P, while P digestibility and renal P excretion increased.