Feeding almond hulls to light lambs: Effects on growth performance, digestive utilization and blood metabolites

Abstract

The effects of including almond hulls (AH) in the concentrate fed to light lambs on animal performance, diet utilization, and blood metabolites. Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic concentrates were formulated with either 0 (control), 6 (AH6) or 12 (AH12) g of AH per 100 g (fresh matter basis). Thirty Manchega breed lambs (15 males and 15 females; 12.3 ± 0.18 kg body weight (BW)) were distributed into six homogeneous groups according to BW (3 groups of each sex), which were randomly assigned within sex to each experimental concentrate. Lambs were fed concentrate and barley straw ad libitum until reaching about 23.0 kg BW. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.182) between groups in final BW, intake of concentrate and straw, and feed conversion rate. Average daily gain and digestibility of dry matter and crude protein tended (P < 0.10) to decrease by the AH inclusion in the concentrate. Lambs fed AH12 showed greater (P < 0.05) urinary losses than those fed the control concentrate (15.4 and 11.5 g per 100 g of N intake, respectively), despite the similar N intake in all groups. Feeding AH did not affect (P ≥ 0.213) blood concentrations of albumin, globulins, urea, creatinine, glucose, total bilirubin and cholesterol or blood activities of hepatic enzymes. The post-mortem analysis revealed no differences among groups in pH and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations in the rumen of lambs, but NH₃-N concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in the lambs fed the concentrates with AH. In addition, lambs fed AH12 diet had lower (P < 0.05) molar proportions of propionate and greater (P < 0.05) proportions of butyrate compared with lambs fed control and AH6 concentrate. In general, no concentrate x sex interactions were observed, and sex had no effect on the measured parameters except for some differences in ruminal VFA profile. In conclusion, AH can be included at in light lambs’ concentrate up to 12 g per 100 g of concentrate without impairing animal growth.