Cytokines on the way to secretion

IF 9.3 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews Pub Date : 2024-08-25 DOI:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.08.003
Paulina Kaminska , Aleksandra Tempes , Ela Scholz , Anna R. Malik
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Abstract

The activation of immune cells by pro-inflammatory or immunosuppressive stimuli is followed by the secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines which serve as messengers to activate the immune response in target cells. Although the mechanisms that control the secretion of cytokines by immune cells are not yet fully understood, several key aspects of this process have recently emerged. This review focuses on cytokine release via exocytosis and highlights the routes of cytokine trafficking leading to constitutive and regulated secretion as well as the impact of sorting receptors on this process. We discuss the involvement of cytoskeletal rearrangements in vesicular transport, secretion, and formation of immunological synapses. Finally, we describe the non-classical pathways of cytokine release that are independent of vesicular ER-Golgi transport. Instead, these pathways are based on processing by inflammasome or autophagic mechanisms. Ultimately, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind cytokine release may help to identify potential therapeutic targets in diseases associated with altered immune responses.

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分泌途中的细胞因子
免疫细胞受到促炎性或免疫抑制性刺激激活后,会分泌免疫调节细胞因子,作为信使激活靶细胞的免疫反应。虽然控制免疫细胞分泌细胞因子的机制尚未完全明了,但最近已出现了这一过程的几个关键方面。这篇综述将重点放在细胞因子通过外泌释放上,并强调了细胞因子转运导致组成型和调节型分泌的途径,以及分拣受体对这一过程的影响。我们讨论了细胞骨架重排在囊泡运输、分泌和免疫突触形成中的参与。最后,我们描述了细胞因子释放的非经典途径,这些途径与囊泡 ER-Golgi 转运无关。相反,这些途径基于炎性体或自噬机制的处理。最终,了解细胞因子释放背后的分子机制可能有助于确定与免疫反应改变相关疾病的潜在治疗靶点。
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来源期刊
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
21.10
自引率
1.50%
发文量
61
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews is a leading publication that focuses on the dynamic fields of growth factor and cytokine research. Our journal offers a platform for authors to disseminate thought-provoking articles such as critical reviews, state-of-the-art reviews, letters to the editor, and meeting reviews. We aim to cover important breakthroughs in these rapidly evolving areas, providing valuable insights into the multidisciplinary significance of cytokines and growth factors. Our journal spans various domains including signal transduction, cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development, immunology, tumorigenesis, and clinical medicine. By publishing cutting-edge research and analysis, we aim to influence the way researchers and experts perceive and understand growth factors and cytokines. We encourage novel expressions of ideas and innovative approaches to organizing content, fostering a stimulating environment for knowledge exchange and scientific advancement.
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