Human papillomavirus vaccination and Pap test uptake, awareness, and barriers among young adults in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A comparative cross-sectional survey

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102525

Ibrahim Mahmoud , Mithaq Mohammed A Al Eid , Meera Ahmed Mohamed , Ahmad Jehad Aladwani , Nagwa El Mustafa El Amin

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Abstract

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and Pap tests are recognized as effective preventive measures to reduce the incidence of HPV-related diseases among young adults. The objective of this study was to assess HPV vaccination and Pap test uptake, awareness, and barriers among young adults in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2024, involving 831 young adults aged 18–39 residing in GCC countries. The main outcome measures were HPV vaccination and Pap test uptake rates, awareness of the HPV vaccine and Pap testing, and barriers to vaccination. Data were collected using online platforms. The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used for data analysis.

Results

The UAE had the highest vaccination rate at 18.9% (50/264), followed by Qatar at 5.8% (6/104), and KSA at 4.6% (10/216), p < 0.001. Individuals with health insurance had higher vaccination rates than those without (11% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.006). Awareness of the HPV vaccine was highest in the UAE (49.6%) and KSA (58.8%), while awareness of Pap smear testing among females was similarly high in these countries (62.4% and 65.9%, respectively). However, actual Pap smear testing rates were highest in Bahrain (15.9%) and Qatar (13.4%). The main barriers to vaccination cited by participants were lack of knowledge (53.6%) and the absence of medical recommendations (13.2%).

Conclusion

The study's findings suggest the need of targeted educational campaigns to increase HPV vaccine uptake among both genders and Pap test participation among females. Additionally, incorporating HPV screening and vaccination into routine national programs in GCC countries and emphasising the crucial role of healthcare providers in influencing vaccination decisions are recommended strategies.

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海湾合作委员会国家年轻成年人对人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种和巴氏试验的接受、认识和障碍：一项横断面比较调查。

背景：人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种和巴氏试验被认为是降低青壮年 HPV 相关疾病发病率的有效预防措施。本研究旨在评估海湾合作委员会（GCC）国家（包括巴林、科威特、阿曼、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）和阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE））青壮年对 HPV 疫苗接种和巴氏试验的接受程度、认识和障碍：方法：在 2024 年 1 月至 4 月期间进行了一项横断面比较研究，涉及居住在海湾合作委员会国家的 831 名 18-39 岁的年轻人。主要结果指标包括：HPV 疫苗接种率和巴氏试验接受率、对 HPV 疫苗和巴氏试验的了解程度以及接种疫苗的障碍。数据通过在线平台收集。数据分析采用卡方检验（Chi-square test）和费雪精确检验（Fisher's exact test）：结果：阿联酋的疫苗接种率最高，为 18.9%（50/264），其次是卡塔尔的 5.8%（6/104）和沙特的 4.6%（10/216）：研究结果表明，有必要开展有针对性的教育活动，以提高女性和男性的 HPV 疫苗接种率和巴氏试验参与率。此外，将 HPV 筛查和疫苗接种纳入海湾合作委员会国家的常规国家计划，并强调医疗服务提供者在影响疫苗接种决定方面的关键作用，也是值得推荐的策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.