Rare presentation of pilomatrixoma as a fungating breast mass: Case report and literature review

Abstract

Pilomatrixomas are rare tumors arising from the cellular matrix of hair follicles and typically manifest as subcutaneous nodules. This case report highlights a rarer presentation in a 68-year-old female who presented with a protruding, painful left breast mass. After an initial biopsy revealed a benign pilar cyst with keratin material, the tumor exhibited progressive growth, resulting in skin fistulas and calcified material exuding from the skin. Final surgical pathology confirmed a benign pilomatrixoma. This case underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and surgical treatment of this rare tumor to prevent tumor growth, skin erosion, and secondary infection.