Advances in improving tribological performance of titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites for biomedical applications: a critical review

IF 2.6 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Frontiers in Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.3389/fmats.2024.1452288
Eray Abakay, Mustafa Armağan, Yasemin Yıldıran Avcu, Mert Guney, B. F. Yousif, Egemen Avcu
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Abstract

Titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely used in biomedical applications due to their superior mechanical, physical, and surface properties, while improving their tribological properties is critical to widening their biomedical applications in the current era. The present review examines the recent progress made in enhancing the tribological performance of titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites for biomedical purposes. It specifically focuses on the progress made in biomedical coatings, mechanical surface treatment, and developing titanium matrix composites in terms of their processing, tribological testing conditions, and characterization. Despite thorough investigations, the specific testing procedures for evaluating the friction and wear properties of the alloy and/or biomedical component are still uncertain. The majority of researchers have selected test methods and parameters based on previous studies or their own knowledge, but there is a scarcity of studies that incorporate limb-specific tribological tests that consider the distinct kinematic and biological structure of human limbs. Since advanced microscopy has great potential in this field, a variety of advanced characterization techniques have been used to reveal the relationship between microstructural and tribological properties. Many coating-based strategies have been developed using anodizing, PEO, VD, PVD, nitriding, thermal spray, sol-gel, and laser cladding, however; composition and processing parameters are crucial to improving tribological behaviour. Reinforcing component type, amount, and distribution has dominated Ti matrix composite research. Ti grade 2 and Ti6Al4V alloy has been the most widely used matrix, while various reinforcements, including TiC, Al2O3, TiB, hydroxyapatite, Si3N4, NbC, ZrO2 have been incorporated to enhance tribological performance of Ti matrix. Mechanical surface treatments improve biomedical Ti alloys’ tribological performance, which is advantageous due to their ease of application. The implementation of machine learning methods, such as artificial neural networks, regression, and fuzzy logic, is anticipated to make a substantial contribution to the field due to their ability to provide cost-effective and accurate results. The microstructural and surface features of biomedical Ti alloys directly affect their tribological properties, so image processing strategies using deep learning can help researchers optimize these properties for optimal performance.
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改善生物医学应用中钛合金和钛基复合材料摩擦学性能的进展:重要综述
钛(Ti)合金因其优越的机械、物理和表面特性已被广泛应用于生物医学领域,而在当今时代,改善其摩擦学特性对于扩大其生物医学应用至关重要。本综述探讨了在提高钛合金和钛基复合材料的摩擦学性能以用于生物医学方面所取得的最新进展。它特别关注生物医学涂层、机械表面处理和钛基复合材料开发在加工、摩擦学测试条件和表征方面取得的进展。尽管进行了深入研究,但评估合金和/或生物医学部件摩擦和磨损特性的具体测试程序仍不确定。大多数研究人员都是根据以前的研究或自己的知识来选择测试方法和参数,但很少有研究结合肢体特定的摩擦学测试,以考虑人类肢体独特的运动学和生物学结构。由于先进的显微镜技术在这一领域具有巨大潜力,各种先进的表征技术已被用于揭示微观结构与摩擦学特性之间的关系。利用阳极氧化、PEO、VD、PVD、氮化、热喷涂、溶胶-凝胶和激光熔覆等方法开发了许多基于涂层的策略,但是,成分和加工参数对于改善摩擦学性能至关重要。增强成分的类型、数量和分布在钛基复合材料研究中占据主导地位。钛 2 级和钛 6Al4V 合金一直是应用最广泛的基体,而包括 TiC、Al2O3、TiB、羟基磷灰石、Si3N4、NbC、ZrO2 在内的各种增强成分已被加入到钛基体中,以提高其摩擦学性能。机械表面处理可改善生物医学钛合金的摩擦学性能,由于其易于应用,因此具有优势。人工神经网络、回归和模糊逻辑等机器学习方法能够提供经济高效且准确的结果,因此有望在该领域做出重大贡献。生物医学钛合金的微观结构和表面特征直接影响其摩擦学特性,因此使用深度学习的图像处理策略可以帮助研究人员优化这些特性,从而获得最佳性能。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Materials
Frontiers in Materials Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
6.20%
发文量
749
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Materials is a high visibility journal publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the entire breadth of materials science and engineering. This interdisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers across academia and industry, and the public worldwide. Founded upon a research community driven approach, this Journal provides a balanced and comprehensive offering of Specialty Sections, each of which has a dedicated Editorial Board of leading experts in the respective field.
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