A. D. Basaraba, P. V. Esipova, E. A. Scherbakova, I. O. Katin
{"title":"Diet and Body Weight Dynamics in the Spotted Seal, Phoca largha Pallas, 1811, Kept in Sea Pens","authors":"A. D. Basaraba, P. V. Esipova, E. A. Scherbakova, I. O. Katin","doi":"10.1134/s1063074024700159","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A nutritious diet is one of the most important factors in the successful management of captive animals. Basic methods for selecting diets for marine mammals have been described in the literature, yet methods developed for certain marine mammal species kept under specific conditions are quite rare. The diets of three male and two female spotted seals, <i>Phoca largha</i> Pallas, 1811, kept in sea pens at the Primorsky Aquarium, Branch of the National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Vladivostok, Russia), are discussed in the article. The diets were formulated based on the natural biological processes of this species in the wild. Information on them has been obtained from our own observations and from literature sources. Based on individual needs, adjustments have been made to the diets of the spotted seals, including pregnant and lactating females. The main food items of the spotted seals were Pacific herring, <i>Clupea pallasii</i>, Atka mackerel, <i>Pleurogrammus monopterygius</i>, commander squid, <i>Berryteuthis magister</i>, pink salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i>, chum salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>, char, <i>Salvelinus</i> sp., capelin, <i>Mallotus villosus</i>, and shrimp, <i>Pandalus</i> sp. It has been found that the physiological status of the animals (molting, reproductive status, sex, and age) directly influences the qualitative and quantitative parameters of food intake. The diet and body weight of the spotted seals were significantly influenced by seasonal changes (water and air temperature and natural biological rhythms). These data can be used for selection of optimal feeding of <i>P. largha</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":49584,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Marine Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Russian Journal of Marine Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063074024700159","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A nutritious diet is one of the most important factors in the successful management of captive animals. Basic methods for selecting diets for marine mammals have been described in the literature, yet methods developed for certain marine mammal species kept under specific conditions are quite rare. The diets of three male and two female spotted seals, Phoca largha Pallas, 1811, kept in sea pens at the Primorsky Aquarium, Branch of the National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Vladivostok, Russia), are discussed in the article. The diets were formulated based on the natural biological processes of this species in the wild. Information on them has been obtained from our own observations and from literature sources. Based on individual needs, adjustments have been made to the diets of the spotted seals, including pregnant and lactating females. The main food items of the spotted seals were Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii, Atka mackerel, Pleurogrammus monopterygius, commander squid, Berryteuthis magister, pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, char, Salvelinus sp., capelin, Mallotus villosus, and shrimp, Pandalus sp. It has been found that the physiological status of the animals (molting, reproductive status, sex, and age) directly influences the qualitative and quantitative parameters of food intake. The diet and body weight of the spotted seals were significantly influenced by seasonal changes (water and air temperature and natural biological rhythms). These data can be used for selection of optimal feeding of P. largha.
期刊介绍：
The Russian Journal of Marine Biology was founded in 1975 by Alexey V. Zhirmunsky, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Russian Journal of Marine Biology covers a wide range of research and some applied aspects of marine biology as a synthetic science related to various fields of study on marine biota and environment. It presents fundamental research on biological processes at molecular, cellular, organismal, and populational levels in marine organisms. Consideration is given to marine objects as models in life sciences. The journal also publishes papers dedicated to events in Russian and international marine biological science and the history of biology.
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