Adverse effects associated with the irresponsible use of phenol peeling: literature review

Abstract

Carbolic acid or phenol is considered a chemical agent that produces intense facial rejuvenation when used correctly, however, solutions containing this substance are dangerous and their action must be controlled. The aim of this study was to collect information on the adverse effects of the use of phenolic compounds for facial esthetic purposes. Phenol promotes the denaturation and coagulation of epidermal keratin proteins, deep chemical peels carried out with phenol, when well indicated and properly conducted, produce incomparable results, however, the ignorant use of these solutions can produce ectropion, keloids, and unsightly scars on the face and neck, in addition, systemic absorption is related to hepatorenal and cardiac toxicity. Although the cardiotoxicity of phenol is well described in the literature, its carcinogenic potential is still unknown and further studies are needed. It is known that the substance induces unscheduled DNA synthesis, inducing genetic mutation. Successful results depend on a balance among art and technique and safety standards. Future research investigating the carcinogenic potential of phenol peels is desirable to ensure patient safety and adequate information for professionals. We believe that the indiscriminate use of phenol peels can cause serious problems for patients and their general health. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol YEAR;VOL:page range)