Economic sanctions and energy efficiency: Evidence from Iranian industrial sub-sectors

IF 13.6 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Energy Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107920

Leyla Jabari , Ali Asghar Salem , Omid Zamani , Mohammad Reza Farzanegan

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Abstract

Improving energy efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and can have substantial impacts on reducing carbon emissions. This study investigates the impact of sanctions on Iran's energy efficiency across different industrial sub-sectors from 2015 to 2019. We compute a sanction intensity index for each industrial sub-sector using principal component analysis. This index measures how much each sub-sector has been affected by sanctions. Additionally, energy efficiency is measured using the directional distance function method, considering the emission impacts as undesirable outputs. We use fixed effects regression analysis, adjusting for various manifestations of cross-sectional (spatial) and temporal dependence and controlling for other sectoral drivers of energy efficiency. We find a significant negative effect of sanction intensity on energy efficiency at the industrial sub-sector level in Iran. The negative effect of sanctions on energy efficiency is significantly larger for industrial units with higher import dependency.

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经济制裁与能源效率：伊朗工业分部门的证据

提高能源效率对减少能源消耗至关重要，并可对减少碳排放产生重大影响。本研究调查了 2015 年至 2019 年制裁对伊朗不同工业子行业能源效率的影响。我们使用主成分分析法计算了每个工业子行业的制裁强度指数。该指数衡量了各子行业受制裁影响的程度。此外，我们还使用定向距离函数法来衡量能源效率，将排放影响视为不良产出。我们使用固定效应回归分析法，对横截面（空间）和时间依赖性的各种表现进行调整，并控制能源效率的其他部门驱动因素。我们发现，在伊朗的工业分部门层面，制裁强度对能源效率有明显的负面影响。对于进口依赖度较高的工业单位，制裁对能源效率的负面影响明显更大。

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来源期刊

Energy Economics ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

18.60

自引率

12.50%

发文量

524

期刊介绍： Energy Economics is a field journal that focuses on energy economics and energy finance. It covers various themes including the exploitation, conversion, and use of energy, markets for energy commodities and derivatives, regulation and taxation, forecasting, environment and climate, international trade, development, and monetary policy. The journal welcomes contributions that utilize diverse methods such as experiments, surveys, econometrics, decomposition, simulation models, equilibrium models, optimization models, and analytical models. It publishes a combination of papers employing different methods to explore a wide range of topics. The journal's replication policy encourages the submission of replication studies, wherein researchers reproduce and extend the key results of original studies while explaining any differences. Energy Economics is indexed and abstracted in several databases including Environmental Abstracts, Fuel and Energy Abstracts, Social Sciences Citation Index, GEOBASE, Social & Behavioral Sciences, Journal of Economic Literature, INSPEC, and more.