[Bipolar disorders and multiple etiologies : a link with attachment disorders ?]

Abstract

Bipolar disorders (BD) bring together different forms of mood disorders, characterized by the occurrence of depressive, manic, hypomanic and/or mixed episodes. They are recognized as the seventh cause of disability per year of life among 15 to 44 year old people by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is therefore a frequently encountered pathology. On the etiological level, the avenues currently accepted concerning BD are multiple, yet they still remain at the hypothesis stage. Each of these avenues therefore has therapeutic potential. It therefore seems interesting to address the different major hypotheses existing to date on the etiological level. We will first describe BD from historical, nosological and epidemiological points of view. We will then develop the genetic etiological aspects and the neural aspects through brain imaging research. Finally, we will propose a reflection on the specific relational etiology and the avenues of research that result from it.