Unveiling the diets of Eurasian Curlew and Bar-tailed Godwit through droppings analysis on the west coast of India

Abstract

This study examines the population dynamics and dietary patterns of the near-threatened Eurasian Curlew and Bar-tailed Godwit along west coast of India, underscoring critical conservation issues. From 2010 to 2023, both species experienced significant declines, with peak abundances observed on sandy beaches, deviating from their usual mudflat and mangrove habitats. Analysing 231 droppings identified seven key prey types, with polychaetes and small crabs being most common in mangroves and mudflats, while Cosmonotus crabs were predominantly found on sand beaches. Species-specific prey preferences were evident, with Bar-tailed Godwits showing a significant association with polychaetes and medium crabs. The findings highlight the urgent need for habitat restoration, pollution reduction, and focused conservation efforts to ensure the resilience and survival of these critical shorebird species.