Endovascular treatment for proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion due to underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease: A retrospective single-center case series

Abstract

Objective

To compare treatment outcomes between patients who received a front-line stent-retriever thrombectomy (SRT) or first stenting without retrieval (FRESH) for treating proximal M1 occlusion due to underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed consecutive acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the anterior circulation who underwent endovascular treatment (EVT) between January 2017 and August 2021 at Yeungnam University Medical Center. LVO in the anterior circulation was classified according to etiology as follows: Embolic group and ICAD group. Occlusion of the proximal M1 due to ICAD were enrolled in this study. The ICAD group was divided into SRT and FRESH groups according to the treatment method.

Results

Among the 72 patients in the ICAD group, 55 patients had occlusion of the M1, and 27 had occlusion of the proximal M1 (27/55, 49.1 %). Among the 27 patients, 11 (40.7 %) underwent SRT and 16 (59.3 %) underwent FRESH. The puncture-to-recanalization time was significantly shorter in the FRESH group (28 min vs. 52 min, p = 0.023). Symptomatic ICH tended to occur more frequently in the SRT group than in the FRESH group (27.3 % vs. 0.0 %, p=0.056). There was a nonsignificant trend towards a good functional outcome in the FRESH group compared to the SRT group (81.3 % vs. 45.5 %, p=0.097).

Conclusion

In the FRESH group, the puncture-to-recanalization time was significantly shorter, symptomatic ICH tended to occur less frequently, and good functional outcomes were more common.