Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents From Southwest Colombia: Association Patterns Considering Adiposity

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY American Journal of Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1002/ajhb.24163

Ricardo Antonio Agredo-Zuñiga, Diana C. Parra, José Guillermo Ortega-Ávila, Milton Fabian Suarez-Ortegon

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Abstract

Background

Little is known about the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)-cardiometabolic risk relationship in Latin American pediatric populations across different age/sex groups, especially when considering the potential effects of adiposity on the association. We evaluated cross-sectional associations between VO_2max and cardiometabolic risk variables (CMRV), and verified whether the associations were independent of adiposity markers in school-aged children and adolescents from Cali, Colombia.

Methods

The sample consisted of 1206 children aged 5–17 years. CMRV were fasting glucose, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic, and diastolic pressure. Logistic regressions were conducted for associations of age/sex-specific tertiles of VO_2max with age/sex-specific highest tertiles of CMRV (except HDL-C, lowest tertile) and a CMR cluster (> 2 CMRV in extreme tertiles), adjusting for socioeconomic stratum, and adiposity markers (BMI, body fat percentage, and waist circumference).

Results

Overweight/obesity ranged from 15% to 18% with no difference by sex. In children aged 5–11 years, high VO_2max (highest tertile vs. lowest) was inversely associated with the CMR cluster [Odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.18 (0.06–0.47), p < 0.05] independently of adjustment for any adiposity marker in boys but not in girls. In the age group of 12–17 years, there were initially significant VO_2max- CMR cluster and VO_2max- CMRV associations but attenuated by adiposity adjustment. In girls, high VO_2max was inversely associated with high systolic blood pressure regardless of adjustment for adiposity markers.

Conclusion

VO_2max is inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk, but adiposity influences the association. The adiposity-independent association among younger boys requires further research. Interventions to tackle cardiometabolic risk in childhood may primarily focus on reducing excess adiposity, and secondarily on improvement of CRF.

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哥伦比亚西南部儿童和青少年的心肺功能和心脏代谢风险因素：考虑肥胖的关联模式。

背景：人们对拉丁美洲不同年龄/性别组儿童的心肺功能（CRF）与心脏代谢风险之间的关系知之甚少，尤其是在考虑到脂肪对这种关系的潜在影响时。我们对哥伦比亚卡利市学龄儿童和青少年的最大氧饱和度（VO2max）与心脏代谢风险变量（CMRV）之间的关系进行了横断面评估，并验证了这种关系是否独立于脂肪指标：样本包括 1206 名 5-17 岁的儿童。CMRV包括空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、收缩压和舒张压。在对社会经济阶层和脂肪指标（体重指数、体脂百分比和腰围）进行调整后，对 VO2max 的年龄/性别特异性三分位数与 CMRV 的年龄/性别特异性最高三分位数（HDL-C 最低三分位数除外）和 CMR 组群（极端三分位数中 CMRV > 2）之间的关联进行了逻辑回归：超重/肥胖率为 15%至 18%，无性别差异。在 5-11 岁的儿童中，高 VO2max（最高三分位数与最低三分位数）与 CMR 组群成反比[比值比（95% 置信区间）：0.18（0.06-0.05）]：0.18 (0.06-0.47)，p 2max- CMR 组和 VO2max- CMRV 相关，但经脂肪调整后有所减弱。在女孩中，无论是否对脂肪指标进行调整，高 VO2max 与高收缩压成反比：结论：最大氧饱和度与心脏代谢风险成反比，但肥胖会影响这种关联。年轻男孩中与脂肪无关的关联需要进一步研究。应对儿童期心脏代谢风险的干预措施可能主要侧重于减少过多的脂肪，其次才是改善CRF。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Human Biology 生物-生物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

13.80%

发文量

124

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Human Biology is the Official Journal of the Human Biology Association. The American Journal of Human Biology is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed, internationally circulated journal that publishes reports of original research, theoretical articles and timely reviews, and brief communications in the interdisciplinary field of human biology. As the official journal of the Human Biology Association, the Journal also publishes abstracts of research presented at its annual scientific meeting and book reviews relevant to the field. The Journal seeks scholarly manuscripts that address all aspects of human biology, health, and disease, particularly those that stress comparative, developmental, ecological, or evolutionary perspectives. The transdisciplinary areas covered in the Journal include, but are not limited to, epidemiology, genetic variation, population biology and demography, physiology, anatomy, nutrition, growth and aging, physical performance, physical activity and fitness, ecology, and evolution, along with their interactions. The Journal publishes basic, applied, and methodologically oriented research from all areas, including measurement, analytical techniques and strategies, and computer applications in human biology. Like many other biologically oriented disciplines, the field of human biology has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years, and the expansion of the aims and scope of the Journal is a reflection of this growth and membership diversification. The Journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interest.