Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ustekinumab and Secukinumab in the Treatment of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis: A 48-Week Retrospective Cohort Study with Genetic Background Analysis.

Abstract

Purpose: Recent studies have shown that novel biologics may provide significant clinical benefits for patients with generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP). Ustekinumab and secukinumab have been approved in Japan for GPP treatment in adult patients. However, the differences in efficacy and safety of these two drugs in GPP are not known.

Aim: Based on the genetic background, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of secukinumab and ustekinumab in patients with GPP.

Methods: Patients with moderate to severe GPP who were treated with ustekinumab/secukinumab at our department from July 2019 to May 2022 were included in this study and followed up for 48 weeks. The difference in efficacy between ustekinumab and secukinumab was evaluated by assessing changes in body temperature, laboratory indices, recovery of skin lesions, and changes in quality of life. Additionally, we collected patients' saliva for genotyping and explored the effect of CARD14 genetic mutations on clinical efficacy.

Results: A total of 65 patients (32 adults and 33 children) with moderate to severe GPP were included in this study. 31 patients received ustekinumab therapy, and 34 patients were treated with secukinumab. Secukinumab demonstrated superiority to ustekinumab, as evidenced by a higher GPPASI 90 response at week 2. Additionally, the efficacy of ustekinumab and secukinumab was found to be independent of the presence of the CARD14 mutation.

Conclusion: Secukinumab is superior to ustekinumab in rapidly clearing the skin and improving health-related quality of life. Moreover, the responses to ustekinumab/secukinumab in patients were not influenced by CARD14 gene mutations.