Coexistence of territorial competitor ants in fragmented boreal forest landscape.

IF 2.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Oecologia Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1007/s00442-024-05626-8

Jouni Sorvari, Esa Huhta, Harri Hakkarainen

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Abstract

The distribution of species in a patchy habitat may be influenced by competitive interactions. The dominant and highly competitive boreal ant species belong to the Formica rufa group. A pair of species, Formica aquilonia and Formica polyctena, require extensive territories due to their multi-nest breeding habits. The coexistence and habitat patterns of these two wood ant species in the boreal forest landscape were investigated. Forest characteristics in the vicinity of nests in forest patches were similar for both species, but they did not coexist in the same sampling plots of 0.79 ha in forest patches, indicating competitive exclusion. The sampling plots in large forest patches were more occupied by F. aquilonia, while no such association was found for F. polyctena. At a larger spatial scale (78.5 ha), we found that F. polyctena was more tolerant of smaller forest patches than F. aquilonia suggesting that these two ant species can coexist in moderately fragmented forest landscapes. However, forest habitat loss, fragmentation and climate-induced changes in forest tree structure may shift the species balance in favour of F. polyctena over F. aquilonia in the future.

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北方森林破碎景观中领地竞争蚂蚁的共存。

物种在斑块状生境中的分布可能受到竞争性相互作用的影响。北方蚂蚁中的优势物种和高度竞争性物种属于 Formica rufa 群。一对蚁种（Formica aquilonia 和 Formica polyctena）因其多巢繁殖习性而需要广阔的领地。研究人员对这两种木蚁在北方森林景观中的共存和栖息地模式进行了调查。两种木蚁在森林斑块中巢穴附近的森林特征相似，但在森林斑块中 0.79 公顷的同一取样小区内并不共存，表明存在竞争排斥。大面积森林斑块中的取样地块更多被F. aquilonia占据，而F. polyctena则没有发现这种关联。在更大的空间尺度（78.5 公顷）上，我们发现 F. polyctena 比 F. aquilonia 更能忍受较小的森林斑块，这表明这两种蚂蚁可以在中度破碎化的森林景观中共存。然而，森林栖息地的丧失、破碎化以及气候引起的林木结构变化可能会在未来改变物种平衡，使多角蚁的优势大于水曲柳蚁。

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来源期刊

Oecologia 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

192

审稿时长

5.3 months

期刊介绍： Oecologia publishes innovative ecological research of international interest. We seek reviews, advances in methodology, and original contributions, emphasizing the following areas: Population ecology, Plant-microbe-animal interactions, Ecosystem ecology, Community ecology, Global change ecology, Conservation ecology, Behavioral ecology and Physiological Ecology. In general, studies that are purely descriptive, mathematical, documentary, and/or natural history will not be considered.