Immunostaining for Mismatch Repair Complex Proteins Impacts on Clinical-Pathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Salivary Glands.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the influence of MMR proteins on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).

Method: The solid pattern of ACC showed lower expression for MSH2 (p = 0.039). Significant imbalance in MSH2/MSH6 immunostaining was observed in all histological patterns (p < 0.001), and imbalance in PMS2/MLH1 immunostaining was observed in the cribriform pattern (p = 0.011). The presence of capsule was associated with high expression of MSH6 (p = 0.019), MLH1 (p = 0.045) and PMS2 (p = 0.009). The absence of cribriform pattern (p = 0.002) and capsule pattern (p = 0.025), as well as low expression for MSH6 (p = 0.006) and PMS2 (p = 0.037) were associated with lower overall survival. In multivariate analysis, loss of MSH2 (p = 0.039) and MLH1 (p = 0.017) were significantly associated with worse overall survival.

Results: Twenty-four ACC were clinical-pathologically evaluated and we perform immunohistochemistry for MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and MLH1. Percentage counting of positive cells was performed in 10 fields of each histological pattern (cribriform, tubular and solid) and the averages of the 30 fields were considered for evaluation with other clinical-pathological variables (Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn, Friedman/Dunn, chi-square, Log-Rank Mantel-Cox tests and Cox regression; SPSS v20.0, p < 0.05).

Discussion: Salivary glands' ACC shows imbalance of the MMR complex and loss of expression of its components is associated with the overall survival of these patients.