An efficient, green and solvent-free three-component synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines utilizing ZSM-5 as a heterogeneous catalyst

Abstract

ZSM-5, an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst, is employed for the one-pot, three-component synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines from substituted benzaldehydes, acetophenones and ammonium acetate using a simple, efficient, and green method. Both electron-releasing and withdrawing aldehydes and ketones went smoothly into substituted 2,4,6-triarylpyridines. Notably, the present reaction was carried out in the solvent-fee condition. The key merits of the present protocol are the milder reaction condition, easy workup protocol, high yield of desired pyridines and recyclability and reusability of the catalyst. The developed protocol offers a broad scope of substrate applicability and good sustainability.