Recurrent tick bites induce high IgG1 antibody responses to α-Gal in sensitized and non-sensitized forestry employees in Luxembourg

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 ALLERGY Clinical and Translational Allergy Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI:10.1002/clt2.12396

Neera Chakrapani, Kyra Swiontek, Judith M. Hübschen, Jörg Fischer, Maria Ruiz-Castell, Francoise Codreanu-Morel, Farah Hannachi, Martine Morisset, Markus Ollert, Annette Kuehn, Claude P. Muller, Christiane Hilger

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Abstract

Background

The α-Gal syndrome (AGS) is characterized by the presence of specific IgE-antibodies to the carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal). Sensitization to α-Gal has been associated with tick bites and individuals exposed to ticks have an elevated risk of sensitization. The aim of this study was to analyze IgG and IgE antibody responses to α-Gal in a high-risk cohort of forestry employees (FE) in Luxembourg.

Methods

Questionnaires and serum samples of FE from Luxembourg (n = 219) were retrospectively analyzed. α-Gal specific IgE was quantified by ImmunoCAP, α-Gal specific IgG and subclasses IgG_1–4 were determined by ELISA. Additionally, sera from population-based controls (n = 150) and two groups of food-allergic patients, patients with AGS (n = 45) and fish-allergic patients (n = 22) were assessed for IgG antibody responses to α-Gal and cod extract.

Results

Twenty-one percent of FE was sensitized to α-Gal (sIgE ≥ 0.1 kU_A/L). Both sensitized and non-sensitized FE exhibited high levels of α-Gal specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG3 compared with controls, indicating a stimulation of IgG responses by recurrent tick bites, independent of the sensitization status. AGS patients had the highest levels of IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies, whereas the profile of fish-allergic patients was similar to the profile of the controls for which anti-α-Gal responses were dominated by IgG2 antibodies. α-Gal sIgG4 levels were either very low or undetectable in all groups.

Conclusion

Our study provides evidence for a continuous stimulation of α-Gal related immune responses by repeated tick bites, translating into highly elevated levels of IgG1 antibodies directed against α-Gal.

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在卢森堡，反复被蜱虫叮咬会导致对α-Gal过敏和未过敏的林业员工产生高IgG1抗体反应

背景 α-Gal综合征（AGS）的特征是存在针对碳水化合物半乳糖-α-1,3-半乳糖（α-Gal）的特异性IgE抗体。α-Gal致敏与蜱虫叮咬有关，接触蜱虫的人致敏风险较高。本研究旨在分析卢森堡林业雇员（FE）高风险人群对 α-Gal 的 IgG 和 IgE 抗体反应。 α-Gal特异性IgE通过免疫细胞分析仪（ImmunoCAP）进行定量，α-Gal特异性IgG和亚类IgG1-4通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行测定。此外，还评估了人群对照组（n = 150）和两组食物过敏患者（AGS 患者（n = 45）和鱼类过敏患者（n = 22））的血清对 α-Gal 和鳕鱼提取物的 IgG 抗体反应。结果 21% 的 FE 对 α-gal（sIgE ≥ 0.1 kUA/L）过敏。与对照组相比，致敏和未致敏的 FE 均表现出较高水平的 α-Gal特异性 IgG、IgG1 和 IgG3，这表明反复蜱虫叮咬会刺激 IgG 反应，与致敏状态无关。AGS 患者的 IgG1 和 IgG2 抗体水平最高，而鱼过敏患者的情况与对照组相似，其抗α-Gal 反应以 IgG2 抗体为主。结论我们的研究提供了证据，证明蜱虫反复叮咬会持续刺激α-Gal相关免疫反应，导致针对α-Gal的IgG1抗体水平升高。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Translational Allergy Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

4.50%

发文量

117

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Translational Allergy, one of several journals in the portfolio of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, provides a platform for the dissemination of allergy research and reviews, as well as EAACI position papers, task force reports and guidelines, amongst an international scientific audience. Clinical and Translational Allergy accepts clinical and translational research in the following areas and other related topics: asthma, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, drug hypersensitivity, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic skin diseases, atopic eczema, urticaria, angioedema, venom hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, food allergy, immunotherapy, immune modulators and biologics, animal models of allergic disease, immune mechanisms, or any other topic related to allergic disease.