SIGNS OF ORAL CAVITY MICROCIRCULATORY DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS WHO SMOKE.

Abstract

Smoking is one of the most common harmful habits that can lead to the development of pathological processes in various organs and systems. At the same time, smoking in childhood and adolescence especially contributes to the deterioration of the general somatic condition, increases the risk and determines the severity of the course of respiratory diseases, which in the future has an impact on the development and functioning of the respiratory system, becomes the cause of dependent conditions and complicates the course of accompanying pathology. It is believed that disruption of the microcirculatory channel can be one of the key links in the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity. Therefore, improving the quality of diagnosis of lesions of the microcirculatory bed of periodontal tissues in the early stages of the inflammatory process became the goal of our work.

Material and methods: All patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group adolescents from 14 to 17 years old who smoke, and the control group - adolescents who have never smoked. Determination of the degree of damage to the vascular bed of periodontal tissues in adolescents was carried out with using biochemical analysis of oral fluid to detect in it prognostic markers of microcirculation disorders in periodontal tissues with determination of the level of arginine, nitrates, citrulline, urea. The index of micro crystallization of oral fluid, the rate of saliva secretion and the pH of the oral fluid were detected also.

Results: The results and their analysis indicate certain differences in the biochemical profile of the oral fluid of adolescents who smoke and adolescents who do not have this habit. The following values of the investigated indicators were obtained. Interquartile indicators of the level of arginine in the main group are 6.19-13.63, in the control group - 9.01-12.12; nitrates - 98.2-174.84 and 96.3-179.39, citrulline - 10.20-17.39 and 7.31-14.38, urea - 10.2-15.9 and 11.1-17.7 in accordance with the specified procedure. Such a situation may indicate the presence of an early biochemical response, which appears some time before clinical manifestations, since individuals with an intact periodontium were selected for participation in this study.

Conclusions: Smoking is an unconditional factor that worsens the morpho-functional condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity not only in adults, but also in children. Yes, a reliable difference between smokers and non-smokers was determined for arginine and citrulline indicators; no significant differences were found between the parameters of nitrates and urea.