Implanted cortical neuroprosthetics for speech and movement restoration.

IF 4.8 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of Neurology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1007/s00415-024-12604-w
William R Muirhead, Hugo Layard Horsfall, Christine Aicardi, Jacques Carolan, Harith Akram, Anne Vanhoestenberghe, Andreas T Schaefer, Hani J Marcus
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Abstract

Implanted cortical neuroprosthetics (ICNs) are medical devices developed to replace dysfunctional neural pathways by creating information exchange between the brain and a digital system which can facilitate interaction with the external world. Over the last decade, researchers have explored the application of ICNs for diverse conditions including blindness, aphasia, and paralysis. Both transcranial and endovascular approaches have been used to record neural activity in humans, and in a laboratory setting, high-performance decoding of the signals associated with speech intention has been demonstrated. Particular progress towards a device which can move into clinical practice has been made with ICNs focussed on the restoration of speech and movement. This article provides an overview of contemporary ICNs for speech and movement restoration, their mechanisms of action and the unique ethical challenges raised by the field.

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用于语言和运动恢复的植入式皮层神经义肢。
植入式大脑皮层神经义肢(ICN)是一种医疗设备,通过在大脑和数字系统之间建立信息交流来替代功能失调的神经通路,从而促进与外部世界的互动。在过去十年中,研究人员探索了 ICN 在失明、失语和瘫痪等多种疾病中的应用。经颅和血管内方法都被用来记录人类的神经活动,在实验室环境中,与言语意图相关的信号的高性能解码已经得到证实。以恢复语言和运动为重点的 ICN 在开发可用于临床实践的设备方面取得了重大进展。本文概述了用于恢复语言和动作的当代 ICN、其作用机制以及该领域所面临的独特伦理挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Neurology
Journal of Neurology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
5.00%
发文量
558
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Neurology is an international peer-reviewed journal which provides a source for publishing original communications and reviews on clinical neurology covering the whole field. In addition, Letters to the Editors serve as a forum for clinical cases and the exchange of ideas which highlight important new findings. A section on Neurological progress serves to summarise the major findings in certain fields of neurology. Commentaries on new developments in clinical neuroscience, which may be commissioned or submitted, are published as editorials. Every neurologist interested in the current diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders needs access to the information contained in this valuable journal.
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