HEV in Blood Donors in Switzerland: The Route to Safe Blood Products.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.3390/pathogens13100911
Mauro Serricchio, Peter Gowland, Nadja Widmer, Martin Stolz, Christoph Niederhauser
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Abstract

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging infectious disease with zoonotic potential, causing acute hepatitis in humans. Infections in healthy individuals are often acute, self-limiting and asymptomatic, thus leading to the underdiagnosis of HEV infections. Asymptomatic HEV infections pose a problem for blood transfusion safety by increasing the risk for transfusion-transmitted HEV infections. Here, we describe the journey from determining the HEV seroprevalence among blood donors to the implementation of routine HEV RNA testing of all blood products in Switzerland in 2018 and summarise the HEV cases detected since. In total, 290 HEV-positive blood donations were detected by mini-pool nucleic acid testing (NAT) in Switzerland in the period of October 2018-December 2023, equal to an incidence of 20.7 per 100,000 donations. Thanks to the implemented scheme, no transfusion-transmitted infections occurred in this period. Furthermore, blood donation monitoring has proven to be an effective means of detecting HEV outbreaks in the general population. HEV cases in Swiss blood donors are caused by two major genotypes, the Swiss-endemic subtypes 3h3 and 3c. Interestingly, 11 HEV cases (5%) were of genotype 3ra, a variant found in wild and farmed rabbits. Our results indicate that mini-pool NAT is an efficient method to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted HEV infections.

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瑞士献血者中的 HEV:安全血液制品之路。
戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)是一种新出现的传染病,具有人畜共患病的潜质,可导致人类急性肝炎。健康人的感染通常是急性、自限性和无症状的,因此导致 HEV 感染诊断不足。无症状 HEV 感染会增加输血传播 HEV 感染的风险,从而给输血安全带来问题。在此,我们描述了从确定献血者中的 HEV 血清流行率到 2018 年在瑞士对所有血液制品实施常规 HEV RNA 检测的过程,并总结了此后发现的 HEV 病例。在 2018 年 10 月至 2023 年 12 月期间,瑞士通过小型血库核酸检测(NAT)共检测出 290 例 HEV 阳性献血者,相当于每 10 万次献血中有 20.7 例发病。由于实施了该计划,在此期间未发生输血传播感染。此外,献血监测已被证明是检测普通人群中 HEV 爆发的有效手段。瑞士献血者中的 HEV 病例主要由两种基因型(瑞士流行亚型 3h3 和 3c)引起。有趣的是,11 例 HEV 病例(5%)的基因型为 3ra,这是一种在野生兔和养殖兔中发现的变异型。我们的研究结果表明,迷你池 NAT 是降低输血传播 HEV 感染风险的有效方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Pathogens
Pathogens Medicine-Immunology and Allergy
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
8.10%
发文量
1285
审稿时长
17.75 days
期刊介绍: Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817) publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes on all aspects of pathogens and pathogen-host interactions. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles.
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