A single-nucleotide insertion in Rxp confers durable resistance to bacterial pustule in soybean.

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Theoretical and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1007/s00122-024-04743-5
Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara, Koji Takahashi, Ryoichi Yano, Rintaro Suzuki, Yuko Yokota, Toshimasa Yamazaki, Tetsuya Yamada, Takashi Sayama, Naohiro Yamada, Nobuhiko Oki, Toyoaki Anai, Akito Kaga, Masao Ishimoto
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Abstract

Key message: The soybean Rxp gene, encoding a bHLH transcription factor and an ACT-like domain, has an rxp allele producing a truncated protein that confers resistance to pustule-causing Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. In soybean, bacterial pustules caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines lead to premature defoliation and decreased yield in warm, wet climates. In the USA, approximately 70 years ago, bacterial pustules were eliminated by introducing a recessive resistance allele, rxp, of the Rxp gene, representing the first example of successful soybean breeding for durable disease resistance in North America. In this study, we isolated this historical Rxp gene from resistant soybean varieties using positional cloning. The 1.06 Mb region where Rxp was reported to reside was narrowed down to an 11.1 kb region containing a single gene, Glyma.17g090500. The resistance allele, rxp, contains a T insertion. A complementation test of the Rxp allele in resistant plants confirmed the identification of the Rxp gene. The product of the susceptible wild-type allele, Rxp, is presumed to be a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor with an aspartate kinase, chorismate mutase, and TyrA (ACT)-like domain. This gene was mainly expressed in extended leaves, and its homologs were identified to be distributed in angiosperms. A total of six alleles were obtained: four from spontaneous variation, including the wild-type and three mutant alleles that encoded truncated proteins, and two from ethyl methanesulfonate mutants, including an allele that encoded a truncated protein and a missense allele. By evaluating the resistance of these six alleles, we found that the loss of function of RXP decreased the bacterial pustule lesions. This study provides important insights into the soybean rxp allele, which confers durable resistance to bacterial pustules.

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Rxp 中的单核苷酸插入可赋予大豆对细菌性脓疱病的持久抗性。
关键信息:大豆 Rxp 基因编码一个 bHLH 转录因子和一个类似 ACT 的结构域,其等位基因 rxp 产生的截短蛋白可产生对引起脓疱病的 Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines 的抗性。在温暖潮湿的气候条件下,黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines)引起的大豆细菌性脓疱病会导致大豆过早落叶和减产。大约 70 年前,美国通过引入 Rxp 基因的隐性抗性等位基因 rxp,消除了细菌性脓疱病,这是北美地区成功培育大豆持久抗病性的第一个范例。在本研究中,我们利用定位克隆技术从抗病大豆品种中分离出了这一历史性的 Rxp 基因。据报道,Rxp 所在的 1.06 Mb 区域被缩小到包含单个基因 Glyma.17g090500 的 11.1 kb 区域。抗性等位基因 rxp 包含一个 T 插入。在抗性植株中对 Rxp 等位基因的互补试验证实了 Rxp 基因的鉴定。据推测,易感野生型等位基因 Rxp 的产物是一种基本螺旋环螺旋(bHLH)转录因子,具有天冬氨酸激酶、络氨酸突变酶和 TyrA(ACT)样结构域。该基因主要在伸展的叶片中表达,其同源物在被子植物中也有分布。共获得了六个等位基因:四个来自自发变异,包括野生型和三个编码截短蛋白的突变等位基因;两个来自甲磺酸乙酯突变体,包括一个编码截短蛋白的等位基因和一个错义等位基因。通过评估这六个等位基因的抗性,我们发现 RXP 的功能缺失会减少细菌脓疱病的发生。这项研究为大豆 rxp 等位基因提供了重要的启示,该等位基因赋予了大豆对细菌脓疱病的持久抗性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
7.40%
发文量
241
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Theoretical and Applied Genetics publishes original research and review articles in all key areas of modern plant genetics, plant genomics and plant biotechnology. All work needs to have a clear genetic component and significant impact on plant breeding. Theoretical considerations are only accepted in combination with new experimental data and/or if they indicate a relevant application in plant genetics or breeding. Emphasizing the practical, the journal focuses on research into leading crop plants and articles presenting innovative approaches.
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