Economic burden of knee joint replacement in Iran.

Abstract

Background: The knee is the most commonly afflicted weight-bearing joint. Osteoarthritis of the knee is regarded as one of the most commonly diagnosed causes of disability in the elderly. Knee joint replacement can be regarded as a final solution for Osteoarthritis of the knee in which the joint is worn out, accompanied by clinical symptoms such as pain, deformity, and limited movement.

Aim: this study sought to estimate the economic burden of knee joint replacement procedures carried out in Iran.

Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study utilized the Incidence-based approach to assess the economic burden of knee joint replacement surgeries conducted in Iran during 2022, estimating the costs of the disease from a societal perspective. The sampling method employed was random sampling, and the sample size consisted of 300 patients. Direct costs were calculated employing the top-down approach, while indirect costs were estimated using the human capital approach. Microsoft Excel was employed for data analysis.

Result: The average direct medical costs of the knee replacement procedure per patient were $10,076.87 and $13,099.93 in the public and private sectors, respectively. The average direct non-medical costs of knee joint replacement surgery are $1123.64, with companion costs constituting most of the direct non-medical costs. Finally, the economic burden of the knee joint replacement surgery was estimated at $67340417.28.

Conclusion: Despite insurance coverage, knee joint replacement surgery in Iran incurs substantial costs. With the anticipated rise in the elderly population, the frequency of these procedures is expected to increase, amplifying the economic burden on the Iranian public.