Unfit or disliked: How descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotypes lead to discrimination against women

IF 6.3 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101928
Francesca Manzi , Suzette Caleo , Madeline E. Heilman
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Abstract

Decades of research attest to the role of gender stereotypes in the emergence of gender-based discrimination. Placing a focus on recent studies, we provide evidence that gender stereotypes continue to negatively affect women's career outcomes in jobs and fields that are seen as male in gender-type. We identify two pathways through which gender stereotypes bring about discrimination: Whereas descriptive gender stereotypes lead to gender discrimination through negative performance expectations produced by lack-of-fit perceptions, prescriptive gender stereotypes lead to gender discrimination through social penalties elicited by perceived stereotype violation. We end by discussing how characteristics of women and those evaluating them may amplify or ameliorate discriminatory behavior, and by considering how organizations and policymakers can leverage research to promote gender equality.
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不合适或不喜欢:描述性和规定性的性别定型观念如何导致对妇女的歧视。
数十年的研究证明,性别刻板印象在性别歧视的出现中扮演了重要角色。我们以最近的研究为重点,提供了性别刻板印象继续对女性在被视为男性的工作和领域中的职业发展产生负面影响的证据。我们发现了性别刻板印象导致歧视的两种途径:描述性的性别刻板印象通过缺乏匹配感所产生的负面绩效预期导致性别歧视,而规定性的性别刻板印象则通过违反刻板印象所引发的社会惩罚导致性别歧视。最后,我们将讨论女性的特征和对其进行评价的人如何放大或改善歧视行为,并考虑组织和政策制定者如何利用研究来促进性别平等。
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来源期刊
Current Opinion in Psychology
Current Opinion in Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
3.40%
发文量
293
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Psychology is part of the Current Opinion and Research (CO+RE) suite of journals and is a companion to the primary research, open access journal, Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology. CO+RE journals leverage the Current Opinion legacy of editorial excellence, high-impact, and global reach to ensure they are a widely-read resource that is integral to scientists' workflows. Current Opinion in Psychology is divided into themed sections, some of which may be reviewed on an annual basis if appropriate. The amount of space devoted to each section is related to its importance. The topics covered will include: * Biological psychology * Clinical psychology * Cognitive psychology * Community psychology * Comparative psychology * Developmental psychology * Educational psychology * Environmental psychology * Evolutionary psychology * Health psychology * Neuropsychology * Personality psychology * Social psychology
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