Decoding Apelin: Its Role in Metabolic Programming, Fetal Growth, and Gestational Complications.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Children-Basel Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.3390/children11101270
Nikolaos Loukas, Dionysios Vrachnis, Nikolaos Antonakopoulos, Sofoklis Stavros, Nikolaos Machairiotis, Alexandros Fotiou, Chryssi Christodoulaki, Markos Lolos, Georgios Maroudias, Anastasios Potiris, Petros Drakakis, Nikolaos Vrachnis
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Abstract

Placental insufficiency and gestational diabetes, which are both serious pregnancy complications, are linked to altered fetal growth, whether restricted or excessive, and result in metabolic dysfunction, hypoxic/oxidative injury, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Although much research has been carried out in this field, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms have not as yet been fully elucidated. Particularly because of the role it plays in cardiovascular performance, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress, the adipokine apelin was recently shown to be a potential regulator of fetal growth and metabolic programming. This review investigated the numerous biological actions of apelin in utero and aimed to shed more light on its role in fetal growth and metabolic programming. The expression of the apelinergic system in a number of tissues indicates its involvement in many physiological mechanisms, including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, energy metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, it appears that apelin has a major function in disorders such as diabetes mellitus, fetal growth abnormalities, fetal hypoxia, and preeclampsia. We herein describe in detail the regulatory effects exerted by the adipokine apelin on fetal growth and metabolic programming while stressing the necessity for additional research into the therapeutic potential of apelin and its mechanisms of action in pregnancy-related disorders.

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解码 Apelin:它在代谢编程、胎儿生长和妊娠并发症中的作用。
胎盘功能不全和妊娠糖尿病都是严重的妊娠并发症,与胎儿生长改变(无论是受限还是过多)有关,并导致代谢功能障碍、缺氧/氧化损伤和不良的围产期结局。尽管在这一领域已开展了大量研究,但尚未完全阐明其潜在的发病机制。特别是由于其在心血管性能、葡萄糖代谢、炎症和氧化应激中的作用,脂肪因子 apelin 最近被证明是胎儿生长和代谢程序的潜在调节因子。本综述研究了凋亡素在子宫内的多种生物学作用,旨在进一步阐明其在胎儿生长和代谢程序中的作用。凋亡素能系统在许多组织中的表达表明,它参与了许多生理机制,包括血管生成、细胞增殖、能量代谢、炎症和氧化应激。此外,凋亡素似乎在糖尿病、胎儿生长异常、胎儿缺氧和子痫前期等疾病中具有重要功能。我们在本文中详细描述了脂肪因子凋亡素对胎儿生长和新陈代谢程序的调节作用,同时强调有必要进一步研究凋亡素的治疗潜力及其在妊娠相关疾病中的作用机制。
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来源期刊
Children-Basel
Children-Basel PEDIATRICS-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1735
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Children is an international, open access journal dedicated to a streamlined, yet scientifically rigorous, dissemination of peer-reviewed science related to childhood health and disease in developed and developing countries. The publication focuses on sharing clinical, epidemiological and translational science relevant to children’s health. Moreover, the primary goals of the publication are to highlight under‑represented pediatric disciplines, to emphasize interdisciplinary research and to disseminate advances in knowledge in global child health. In addition to original research, the journal publishes expert editorials and commentaries, clinical case reports, and insightful communications reflecting the latest developments in pediatric medicine. By publishing meritorious articles as soon as the editorial review process is completed, rather than at predefined intervals, Children also permits rapid open access sharing of new information, allowing us to reach the broadest audience in the most expedient fashion.
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