Evaluation of the epidemiological situation of intestinal schistosomiasis using the POC-CCA parasite antigen test and the Kato-Katz egg count test in school-age children in endemic villages in western Côte d'Ivoire.
Edwige A Sokouri, Bernardin Ahouty, Innocent A Abé, Flora G D Yao, Thomas K Konan, Oscar A Nyangiri, Annette MacLeod, Enock Matovu, Harry Noyes, Mathurin Koffi
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Abstract
Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in Côte d'Ivoire. We compared the conventional Kato Katz (KK) test and a more sensitive but rarely used method, the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA), in order to contribute to the development of a more appropriate strategy for the control and elimination of intestinal schistosomiasis in western Côte d'Ivoire. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in eight elementary schools in the Guémon and Cavally regions from February to December 2020. Selected schoolchildren provided stool and urine samples to detect the presence of Schistosoma mansoni eggs and parasite antigen using the KK and POC-CCA tests, respectively. A total of 554 schoolchildren were included in the study. The overall prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis was 10% and 67% for KK and POC-CCA, respectively. The POC-CCA detected an infection rate of 100%, while the KK yielded a rate of 42%. In schools, prevalence ranged from 27 to 100% with POC-CCA and from 0 to 42% with KK. Swimming, fishing, washing clothes, and dishwashing were significantly associated with the onset of infection and high intensities. The epidemiological risk factors for intestinal schistosomiasis updated here using KK and POC-CCA diagnostic methods showed that prevalence was much higher than previously estimated using the KK. The POC-CCA is more sensitive and ways should be considered to improve its specificity in order to improve the diagnosis.
期刊介绍：
Parasite is an international open-access, peer-reviewed, online journal publishing high quality papers on all aspects of human and animal parasitology. Reviews, articles and short notes may be submitted. Fields include, but are not limited to: general, medical and veterinary parasitology; morphology, including ultrastructure; parasite systematics, including entomology, acarology, helminthology and protistology, and molecular analyses; molecular biology and biochemistry; immunology of parasitic diseases; host-parasite relationships; ecology and life history of parasites; epidemiology; therapeutics; new diagnostic tools.
All papers in Parasite are published in English. Manuscripts should have a broad interest and must not have been published or submitted elsewhere. No limit is imposed on the length of manuscripts, but they should be concisely written. Papers of limited interest such as case reports, epidemiological studies in punctual areas, isolated new geographical records, and systematic descriptions of single species will generally not be accepted, but might be considered if the authors succeed in demonstrating their interest.
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