Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Plinia rivularis essential oil against multidrug-resistant bacteria

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE Journal of Herbal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100949

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Abstract

Introduction

The increasingly common occurrences of multidrug-resistant bacteria represent a global health threat and the discovery of new alternative remedies is necessary. The use of essential oils (EOs) in the treatment of many pathogenic bacteria is promising and several examples have already been highlighted regarding their inhibitory action. Among the botanical families, Myrtaceae stands out for presenting important species that supply bioactive products.

Methods

In this work we investigate the chemical composition of Plinia rivularis (Myrtaceae) leaf EO and its antibacterial activity against resistant and non-resistant bacteria. The EO was obtained by two methods, hydrodistillation and steam distillation. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were the techniques used in the EO chemical characterization.

Results

The EOs were obtained with yields of 0.37 and 0.16% by hydrodistillation and steam distillation methods, respectively. The analyzes revealed the EOs chemical profile showing the compounds 2H-benzocyclohepten-2-one,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-4a-methyl (synonym: 4a-methyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,9-octahydro-2H-benzo[7]annulen-2-one), rosifoliol, β-eudesmol and the diterpene kaurene as main constituents. Through preparative thin-layer chromatography (PTLC), it was possible to obtain the diterpene kaurene with a content of 91%, which was also characterized by NMR. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of EO against bacteria ranged from 0.56 to 2.25 mg.ml⁻¹ and 2.25–36 mg.ml⁻¹ for sensitive and resistant bacteria, respectively. Also, EO showed synergistic activity with amikacin and cefotaxime against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KPC).

Conclusions

This is the first report on the chemical composition of P. rivularis EO. Comparison of extraction methods showed variation in yields and small changes in component content. The EO demonstrated activity against resistant and non-resistant bacteria. In addition, the synergistic effect of EO against resistant bacteria may be explored in future studies.

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Plinia rivularis 精油的化学成分和对耐多药细菌的抗菌活性

引言越来越常见的多重耐药细菌是对全球健康的威胁，因此有必要寻找新的替代疗法。使用精油（EOs）来治疗许多致病细菌是很有前景的，已经有几个例子强调了精油的抑制作用。在植物科中，桃金娘科（Myrtaceae）因其提供生物活性产品的重要物种而脱颖而出。环氧乙烷是通过水蒸馏和蒸汽蒸馏两种方法获得的。气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器（GC-FID）、气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）、核磁共振光谱（NMR）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）被用于环氧乙烷的化学表征。分析结果显示，桉叶油的化学成分主要包括 2H-苯并环庚烯-2-酮、3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,9-八氢-4a-甲基（同义词：4a-甲基-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,9-八氢-2H-苯并[7]萘-2-酮）、rosifoliol、β-桉叶油醇和二萜高丽烯。通过制备型薄层色谱法（PTLC），可以获得含量为 91% 的二萜高丽烯，并对其进行了核磁共振表征。环氧乙烷对敏感细菌和耐药细菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为 0.56 至 2.25 毫克.毫升-1 和 2.25 至 36 毫克.毫升-1。此外，环氧乙烷与阿米卡星和头孢他啶对耐碳青霉烯类的铜绿假单胞菌（KPC）具有协同活性。对各种提取方法进行比较后发现，提取率存在差异，成分含量变化不大。环氧乙烷对耐药和非耐药细菌都有活性。此外，环氧乙烷对抗性细菌的协同作用也可在今后的研究中加以探讨。

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来源期刊

Journal of Herbal Medicine INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Herbal Medicine, the official journal of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, is a peer reviewed journal which aims to serve its readers as an authoritative resource on the profession and practice of herbal medicine. The content areas of the journal reflect the interests of Medical Herbalists and other health professionals interested in the clinical and professional application of botanical medicines. The objective is to strengthen the research and educational base of herbal medicine with research papers in the form of case studies, original research articles and reviews, monographs, clinical trials and relevant in vitro studies. It also publishes policy statements, opinion pieces, book reviews, conference proceedings and profession related information such as pharmacovigilance reports providing an information source for not only the Herbal Practitioner but any Health professional with an interest in phytotherapy.