Assessing the Diagnostic Reference Levels of Head CT Scan at Garoua Regional Medical Imaging Center

Abstract

Introduction

Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are benchmarks used in medical imaging to optimize radiation doses while maintaining diagnostic image quality. They have emerged as a critical tool in this endeavor, serving as benchmarks to ensure that radiation doses from CT scans are kept within acceptable limits without compromising diagnostic efficacy. This study focuses on establishing DRLs for head CT scans at the Garoua Regional Hospital.

Methods

A cross sectional study was performed from January to December 2022. Our sample included adult patients who have Head CT examination. Some variable parameters considered are: The patient age, sex, CT indications, the DLP, the CTDIvol, the voltage, rotation time and slice thickness. The DRL for each type of indication was defined as the 75th percentile of its PDL and CTDIvol

Results

621 CT scan were analyzed revealing a male predominance (52.5%) and diverse indications, with strokes and traumas accounting for 27.2%. The mean age of patients was 42 ± 7 years (18 - 99 years), 37.8% were between 18 to 29 years old. The Dose distributions, specifically CTDIvol and DLP, are detailed for different protocols including strokes, non-vascular cases, sinus examinations, and angiography: 692±243 mGy·cm, 669±152mGy·cm, 78±23mGy·cm, 320±82mGy·cm. The study highlights the prevalence of stroke and trauma protocols, emphasizing the need for tailored imaging approaches for diverse neurological conditions. Comparative analyses with international practices in Uganda and Ireland reveal variations in radiation dose metrics across locations and devices.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the importance of optimizing radiation doses while maintaining diagnostic efficacy. The study not only contributes to regional DRLs but also provides a foundation for enhancing patient safety, refining imaging practices, and promoting dose optimization strategies in head CT scans.