Alfabetización en salud en cáncer de próstata: ¿qué saben los varones españoles sobre el cáncer de próstata? Estudio descriptivo transversal

Abstract

Introduction

Prostate cancer is the tumor with the highest incidence in Spanish men. The implementation of health literacy and therapeutic education programs adapted to the needs of the population could be a resource to minimize the sequelae derived from the treatments used to combat this pathology. To this end, it would be necessary to know the level of health literacy about prostate cancer.

Objective

To determine the level of health literacy in prostate cancer in the Spanish male population using the validated version of the PCKQ-12 for the Spanish population.

Methodology

Cross-sectional, population-based, descriptive study. Spanish-speaking men of legal age were included. To carry out the study, an ad hoc questionnaire was designed on the Google Forms platform, which was distributed via WhatsApp. Previously, it was necessary to validate the PCKQ-12 to the Spanish population in 2 phases, a first phase for translation and cross-cultural adaptation and a second phase to test the measurement properties.

Results

The Spanish version of the PCKQ-12 showed good language, conceptual, semantic and content equivalence and could be used to assess health literacy in prostate cancer. Three hundred and seventy Spanish men with a mean age of 43.87 (SD 13.65) years responded to the questionnaire. The level of prostate cancer health literacy found was low (6.72 points), being 2 points higher in health men.

Conclusion

Health literacy about prostate cancer in the Spanish male population is low.