Delayed application of water and fertilizer increased wheat yield but did not improve quality parameters

Abstract

Context or problem

Wheat is an important food crop for mankind, simultaneous improvement of wheat yield and quality is human most important goal, but they often cannot increase at the same time.

Objective or research question

The effects of irrigation mode, nitrogen application rate and topdressing time on yield and quality of two wheat varieties were studied, and the possibility of synergistic improvement of yield and quality was also explored.

Methods

Two irrigation treatments (conventional border irrigation and micro-sprinkling irrigation) were set up, and three nitrogen application rate treatments (120, 210 and 300 kg N ha⁻¹) were set up under each irrigation treatment. The yield formation and quality parameters of wheat were investigated.

Results

The grain yield, key enzyme activities of protein synthesis, protein content and dough processing quality of the two cultivars increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. However, when the nitrogen level was higher than 210 kg N ha⁻¹, the grain yield and processing quality of winter wheat did not increase further. Under the same nitrogen application rate, compared with conventional border irrigation (CBI), micro-sprinkling irrigation (MSI) significantly increased the grain yield and total protein content, but did not improve the ratio of glutenin to gliadin and dough processing quality parameters.

Conclusions

Under the experimental conditions, the synergistic improvement of wheat yield and quality parameters could be achieved by optimizing nitrogen application rate, and the delayed application of water and fertilizer could further increase wheat grain yield, but did not improve grain quality parameters.

Implications or significance

This study provided theoretical guidance for further improving the grain yield and quality of winter wheat in the North China Plain.