Genetical and cellular induction of interferon genes via the treatment with (Allium sativum) garlic extract against recombinant influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H1N PR8 infection

IF 1 Q4 GENETICS & HEREDITY Gene Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.genrep.2024.102069

Omer Abid Kathum , Saafa Abd.Al-kahdum , Umniah Abd-Al-Naser Saleh Hadi , Sarah Kamil Abood , Shaimaa Y. Abdulfattah

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Abstract

Background

It had been established that; influenza A viral infection is connected in a big range with stimulation of many cellular kinases which either being necessary for viral live cycle or as a kind of antagonistic response against this attack hoping to stop the viral invasion. This induction includes many cellular mediator's response. Among them; induction of Retinoic Inducible Genes I (RIG I) which is classified as the precursor of interferon β activation thereby the activation of another mediator like IRF3.

The objective of this study is to identify and establish a new and natural antiviral active compound which might help in enhancing the cellular immunity against influenza A virus thereby attenuating its ability to invade living cells.

Methods

In this work, variety of concentration of Alluim sativum (AS) or garlic plant extract; 12.5, 25, 50 μg/ml were tested on MDCKII or A549 cell as an in vitro experimental work to examine its ability to abort the replication of Influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H1N1 (IAV PR8) strain depending on many techniques like, viral plaque assay, gene expression by real time PCR (rt PCR), luciferase assay and immunofluorescent stating.

Results

Our data explained that there was weak replication ability as explained in viral replication titer by plaque assay whether after 8 hours post infection using 0.1 MOI or even after 24 hours post infection using 0.01 MOI of influenza A PR8, this finding was propped with a prosaic expression of some viral protein genes like NS1, NP. the immunofluorescent staining also supported those data via the weak localization of NS1 protein during the treatment with garlic extract and that’s normally is connected with high induction of cellular gene expression representing by RIG I, IRF3 mediator and Interferon β genes necessary for induction of type I interferon caused by treatment with garlic extract.

Conclusion

Allium sativum plant extract sequestered influenza A virus PR8 replication significantly especially, at concentration of 50 μg/ ml which is the best concentration that can act against the virus due to acute induction of cellular proteins represented by RIG I pathogen recognizer and other proteins that interferes with activation of interferon then preventing the viral competition with cellular immunity to invade the cells.

In another word, the garlic extract is a direct inducer for RIG I and other mediators important for activation of type I interferon pathway as an immune response to prevent viral attack.

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用（薤白）大蒜提取物处理重组甲型/波多黎各/8/34 H1N PR8 流感感染，从基因和细胞方面诱导干扰素基因

背景已经证实，甲型流感病毒感染在很大程度上与许多细胞激酶的刺激有关，这些激酶或者是病毒生命周期所必需的，或者是对这种攻击的一种拮抗反应，希望阻止病毒入侵。这种诱导包括许多细胞介质反应。本研究的目的是鉴定和建立一种新的天然抗病毒活性化合物，它可能有助于增强细胞对甲型流感病毒的免疫力，从而削弱其入侵活细胞的能力。5, 25, 50 μg/ml 在 MDCKII 或 A549 细胞上进行体外实验，通过病毒斑块检测、实时 PCR（rt PCR）基因表达、荧光素酶检测和免疫荧光检测等多种技术，检测其终止甲型流感/波多黎各/8/34 H1N1（IAV PR8）病毒株复制的能力。结果我们的数据表明，无论是在感染后 8 小时（使用 0.1 MOI），还是在感染后 24 小时（使用 0.01 MOI），病毒复制滴度的斑块检测都表明病毒复制能力很弱。免疫荧光染色也通过大蒜提取物处理过程中 NS1 蛋白的弱定位支持了这些数据，这通常与大蒜提取物处理过程中诱导 I 型干扰素所需的 RIG I、IRF3 mediator 和 Interferon β 基因对细胞基因表达的高诱导有关。结论大蒜提取物能显著抑制甲型流感病毒 PR8 的复制，特别是在 50 μg/ ml 的浓度下，该浓度是抗病毒的最佳浓度，这是因为大蒜提取物能急性诱导以 RIG I 病原体识别器为代表的细胞蛋白和其他蛋白，从而干扰干扰素的激活，阻止病毒与细胞免疫竞争入侵细胞。换句话说，大蒜提取物是 RIG I 和其他介质的直接诱导剂，这些介质对激活 I 型干扰素通路非常重要，是防止病毒攻击的一种免疫反应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gene Reports Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

246

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Gene Reports publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in all biological contexts, including all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, as well as viruses. Gene Reports strives to be a very diverse journal and topics in all fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: DNA Organization, Replication & Evolution -Focus on genomic DNA (chromosomal organization, comparative genomics, DNA replication, DNA repair, mobile DNA, mitochondrial DNA, chloroplast DNA). Expression & Function - Focus on functional RNAs (microRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNA splicing, alternative polyadenylation) Regulation - Focus on processes that mediate gene-read out (epigenetics, chromatin, histone code, transcription, translation, protein degradation). Cell Signaling - Focus on mechanisms that control information flow into the nucleus to control gene expression (kinase and phosphatase pathways controlled by extra-cellular ligands, Wnt, Notch, TGFbeta/BMPs, FGFs, IGFs etc.) Profiling of gene expression and genetic variation - Focus on high throughput approaches (e.g., DeepSeq, ChIP-Seq, Affymetrix microarrays, proteomics) that define gene regulatory circuitry, molecular pathways and protein/protein networks. Genetics - Focus on development in model organisms (e.g., mouse, frog, fruit fly, worm), human genetic variation, population genetics, as well as agricultural and veterinary genetics. Molecular Pathology & Regenerative Medicine - Focus on the deregulation of molecular processes in human diseases and mechanisms supporting regeneration of tissues through pluripotent or multipotent stem cells.